Enye yezona zinto ziluncedo kakhulu kwiimyuziyam kwilizwe liphela Imyuziyam yase-Egypt yezinto zakudala, eyaziwa njengeMyuziyam yaseCairo. Ukutyelela kweli lizwe laseAfrika akunako ukugqibezela, nangayiphi na indlela, ngaphandle kokhenketho kwiiholo ezingapheliyo zesi sakhiwo samandulo kwikomkhulu lase-Egypt.
Nangona kuyinyani ukuba amaYurophu, amaFrentshi, amaNgesi, amaJamani, amaBelgium kunye nabanye bathabathe izinto ezininzi kunye nobuncwane (kwaye uninzi alubuyisanga), ngethamsanqa ingqokelela yemyuziyam iyaqhubeka nokuqaqamba ngaphezulu kwezinto ezili-120 lamawaka ezibonisiweyo kungabalwa amanye amawaka axabisa oovimba bayo abazizityebi. Imeko yezopolitiko elizweni khange isonjululwe kwaye yiyo loo nto ukhenketho ingeyiyo into ekucetyiswa kakhulu ngayo, kodwa nokuba ungazama okanye uceba kwangaphambili, ziqwalasele ezi iingcebiso ngokundwendwela kunye nokonwabela iMyuziyam yaseCairo.
Imyuziyam yase-Egypt yezinto zakudala
Yimyuziyam karhulumente eyakhiwa ngo-1835 kodwa ingqokelela yayo yokuqala yahanjiswa ngo-1855 ku-Archduke Maximilian I wase-Austria kwaye namhlanje ayikho eYiphutha kodwa kwiMyuziyam yeNkcubeko eVienna. Ke, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-50s yale nkulungwane kwenziwa umyuziyam omtsha kodwa ngenxa yezikhukula zomNayile, yayikufutshane nonxweme, kwafuneka ukuba idluliselwe eGiza apho yahlala khona de kwaqala inkulungwane yama-XNUMX ukuya isiwe kwindawo ekuyo ngoku. eTahrir Square.
IMyuziyam yaseCairo, njengoko isaziwa njalo, yayiyilwe ngesimbo se-neoclassical NguMarcel Dourgnon kunye Inemigangatho emibini ephambili kunye amagumbi ayi-107 ewonke ngobuncwane obuqala kumaxesha angaphambi kwembali ukuya kwixesha lamaRoma, nangona kunjalo yonke into igxile kwixesha lamaharahara. Kude kube phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-90, abasebenzi bemyuziyam babephethe ukuvala iingcango ebusuku nokwenza imijikelo yokhuseleko, kodwa ngenxa yokuphanga ebusuku abasemagunyeni bathatha isigqibo sokubeka ii-alamu kunye nezixhobo zokujonga izinto. Kwangelo xesha inkqubo yokukhanyisa yavuselelwa kwaye izibane ezizodwa zabekwa ngaphezulu kwemiboniso ethile.
Ngexesha lovukelo luka-2011 imyuziyam yahlaselwa, izinto ezibiweyo kunye nezidumbu ezimbini zonakaliswa. Ukuthintela enye ilahleko, iqela labaphembeleli likwazile ukwenza ikhonkco lomntu elijikeleze isakhiwo.
Yintoni ongayibona kwiMyuziyam yaseCairo
Imyuziyam, njengoko besitshilo apha ngasentla, inemigangatho emibini ephambili kunye negadi Ndicebisa ukuba undwendwele ngaphambi kokungena. Kule gadi uya kuyifumana ingcwaba lika-Augusto Mariette, umembi wezinto zakudala ongumFrentshi owasweleka ngo-1881, umseki weSebe lase-Egypt lezinto zakudala kunye nomhloli wamazwe okrelekrele owazisa ubutyebi obuninzi base-Egypt yakudala. Ezo zikhukula zomNayile esithetha ngazo zatshabalalisa imibhalo yakhe kunye namanqaku akhe kunye neentsuku zokugqibela zobomi bakhe zanikezelwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iFrance ayiphulukani namalungelo eNgilane kwicandelo lezinto zakudala zase-Egypt.
Ngokuchanekileyo, uMariette wangcwatywa kwisarcophagus kwizitiya zemyuziyam, phantsi komthi kunye ne I-arch yeebhasi ekhumbuza ezona zilwanyana zibalaseleyo zase-Egypt: I-Champollion, iMaspero kunye neLepsius, phakathi kwabanye. Igadi ayinazo ezinye izinto ezinomtsalane, kodwa ndikufumanisa kunika umdla ukuthatha ingcwaba kwaye ndifunde ibali lokuba ngubani owanceda kakhulu ekubumbeni imyuziyam. Nje ukuba kwenziwe oku, silindelwe kumgangatho ophantsi weziko lolondolozo lwembali.
Imiboniso kumgangatho osezantsi icwangciswe ngokulandelelana ngokwexesha kwaye uqale eholweni. Igumbi lama-43, i-atrium esembindini, inengqokelela yemotley yezinto zase-Egypt: umzobo obonisa UFaro Narmer nezithsaba ze-Upper kunye ne-Lower Egypt dating ukususela ngo-3100 BC nokuba iingcali zimele umanyano wokuqala wezikumkani zimbini, umzobo we UFaro Menkaure (Igumbi 47, embindini), the Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaKhafre (bobabini abatyholwa ukuba ngabakhi beepiramidi ezimbini kwezintathu zaseGiza), odumileyo Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo ka-Aper, umthi omnyama ngamehlo obhedu, ikristale yeliwa kunye ne-quartz e-opaque (ifoto ephezulu, Igumbi lama-42, isiqwenga sama-40), kunye umfanekiso odumileyo wombhali ohleli phantsi, kwilitye lekalika (Igumbi 42, Icandelo 44).
Kukwangumgangatho womhlaba kodwa kwigumbi lama-32 ngumfanekiso wesibini esihle sezidwangube ze-IV Dynasty kunye umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaSeneb, umlawuli omncinci, nosapho lwakhe (icandelo 39). Kwigumbi lama-37, ongena ngalo ngeGumbi lama-32, uza kubona ifenitshala evela engcwabeni likaKumkanikazi uHeteferes, umama kaCheops njengebhokisi yakhe yobucwebe, ibhedi okanye isitulo awayethwelwe kuso. Kwigumbi elingasekunene uza kubona abadumileyo nefertiti intloko, umfazi omhle ka-Akhenaten okanye u-Amenophis IV, la pharao wenza inguquko kwezenkolo ngokumisela uAten njengokuphela kothixo.
Imiboniso kumgangatho wokuqala icwangcisiwe ngokwamaqela. Kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba ulandele iodolo echanekileyo ukuze ubathande. Nazi i Iigalari zeTutankhamun, kwigumbi 45, nomfanekiso wendlela ingcwaba kunye neziqwenga ezingaphakathi kulo zafunyanwa. Masikhumbule ukuba ingcwaba likaFaro, lisencinci kodwa litshatile kwaye linabantwana, lafunyanwa nguWoward Carter ngo-1922. Ngaphakathi kwakukho izinto ezingama-3000 kubandakanya ezaziwayo Imaski yokufa, itrone, amatye anqabileyo kunye nebhokisi yasebukhosini. Konke kungakhange kuchongwe kangangeenkulungwane. Ubuhle.
Kukho i- Igumbi leRoyal Mummies nookumkanikazi noofaro ukusuka kwi-945 kuye kwi-1660st dynasties, (phakathi kwe-XNUMX kunye ne-XNUMX BC). Kufuneka hlawula ngaphezulu ukungena kwaye kuyabiza kodwa awuyi kufika apha ungayibonanga, akunjalo? Bazi Iimpawu ezingama-27 zizonke, ezinye zigcinwe kakuhle, zinamazinyo, iinwele kunye neenzipho. Yinto entle.
Ulwazi olusebenzayo lokundwendwela iMyuziyam yaseCairo
- Indawo: Midan al-Tahrir, eDowntown Cairo.
- Ungafika njani apho: ngemetro, yehla kwisikhululo saseSadat kwaye ulandele imiqondiso yeziko lolondolozo lwembali. Ngebhasi cela u-abdel minem-ryad.
- Iiyure: imyuziyam ivulekile yonke imihla phakathi kwe-9 kusasa ukuya kwi-7 ngorhatya kwaye ngexesha leRamadam ivulekile kude kube yi-5 ngokuhlwa.
- Ixabiso: Iindleko zokwamkelwa ngokubanzi i-LE 4 yabemi base-Egypt kunye ne-LE 60 yabaphambukeli. Isango lokungena kwiholo le-Mummies libiza i-LE 100. Kukho izaphulelo zabafundi base-Egypt nabangaphandle abanekhadi elidumileyo le-ISIC.
- Kwimyuziyam kukho indawo yokutyela, iposi, ivenkile yezipho, ithala leencwadi kunye nemyuziyam yabantwana. Izikhokelo zeaudio ngesiFrentshi, isiArabhu nesiNgesi zinokurentelwa i-LE 20, kwivenkilana ese ifoyer. Kukho ilifti yabo bangazisebenzisiyo izinyuko.
- Iifoto azivumelekanga kwaye iikhamera maziboniswe emnyango.