Indiya yindawo emangalisayo. Asinguye wonke umntu, nangona uninzi luthi uhambo oluya eIndiya luyabutshintsha ubomi babo. Ingaba yinyani? Ngaphandle kobumoya belizwe, inyani kukuba ineendawo ezininzi ezintle, imihlaba yendalo, kodwa kunye nezakhiwo. Yimeko ye Itempile yegolide.
Zininzi izinto ezakhiweyo zegolide emhlabeni, eyona yegolide ithandwayo, kodwa iTempile yeGolide o IHarmandir Sahib yahlukile. Ngaba uceba ukuya eIndiya? Ke eli nqaku lelakho.
Indlu yegolide
Ime kwisixeko Amritsar, emantla elizwe, apho kuhlala khona abantu abangaphantsi kwesigidi. Ngakwimida yePakistan, akukho ndawo iphantse ibe ziikhilomitha ezingama-32 ukusuka eLahore, isixeko esikweli lizwe.
Itempile Yinkcubeko kunye ne-axis yokomoya ye-sij. Inkqubo ye- SikhismKubalulekile ukukhumbula, yenye yeenkolo zaseIndiya eyasekwa phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX ngesandla sikaGugu Nanak. Ngelo xesha ungquzulwano phakathi kwamaSilamsi namaHindu lwalulawula nanamhlanje, ukuba sithetha ngenani lamakholwa, UbuSikh bukwindawo yesithoba kwezona nkonzo zidumileyo.
AmaSikh kholelwa kuthixo omnye nakwiinyani ezilishumi Eziqokelelwe kwincwadi engcwele, i Guru-isibonelelo sajib. Ezi nyaniso zibandakanya ukukhumbula uThixo ngalo lonke ixesha, ukuxabisa kunye nokuhlonipha iinjongo ezinje ngemfesane, inyaniso, okanye ukuthobeka, ukukhokelela ebomini obunemveliso, kunye nokwamkela ukuthanda kukaThixo, phakathi kwabanye. Izigidi ezili-19 zihlala eIndiya kwaye ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX uSikh, uMamohn Singh ukwazile ukonyulwa njengeNkulumbuso yelizwe, owesibini kwezopolitiko ongenguye umHindu ukuba abambe isikhundla. Akukho nto imbi.
Iitempile zolu nqulo zithiywe ngamagama mzimvuzzi kwaye eyona iphambili yile isibizayo namhlanje: itempile yegolide yesixeko saseAmritsar. Ithini imbali yayo? Ewe yonke into ibuyela kunyaka 1577 xa uGugu Ram Das wemba umjelo kule ndawo, ekugqibeleni ichibi lokuzenzela elijikeleze namhlanje kwaye elifumana igama laseAmritsar, njengesixeko, esiya kuthi «incindi echibini ».
Ukwakhiwa kwetempile kwenzeka phakathi kwe-1588 kunye ne-1604, Bonke ebomini benkosi efanayo. Kwisibingelelo esiphambili, xa umsebenzi wagqitywayo, ukubhalwa okungcwele kwamaSikh, iAdi Granth, kwabekwa. Le ncwadi ineengoma ezimalunga namawaka amathandathu kwaye ivula kwaye ivale yonke imihla, ngokwesiko. Ezi ngoma zahlanganiswa ngo-1604 ngama-gurus ahlukeneyo de ngo-1704 uGugu Gobind Singh wongeza iingoma ezininzi kwaye kamva waqinisekisa ukuba akukho gurus eya kwamkelwa emva kokufa kwakhe kwaye incwadi engcwele iya kuba El guru.
Ithempeli legolide limele uhlobo lweengcinga zeSikh ke linamasango amane, elinye icala ngalinye, elifanekisela ukuvuleka kwale nkolo kwezinye. Nabani na onokungena nanamhlanje. Ayinamsebenzi ukuba ungumYuda, umSilamsi, umBhuda okanye umKrestu. Ayinamsebenzi nokuba umnyama, umhlophe, tyheli, uyindoda okanye ulibhinqa. Kufuneka nje uziphathe ngokulula nangentlonipho. vala intloko, uhlale phantsi, ungaseli, hamba unganxibanga zihlangu.
NgamaSikh ngokwawo, amanye amavolontiya, agcina isakhiwo kunye nenxalenye yemali evela kwiminikelo eyenziwe ngamaSikh kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi zandla zinzima zipolisha i marble kunye ubhedu kunye oro Itempile eyayinqula ngayo ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, xa yahlaziywa ngokupheleleyo emva kwamashumi ambalwa eminyaka yokungahoywa.
Kodwa injani itempile yegolide? Kulungile a Umxube wezitayile, Indian, Islamic, Hindu… Iholo elingcwele li-12, 25 leemitha nge-12, 25 yeemitha, isikwere, kwaye inemigangatho emibini enedome yegolide. Emva koko ine Umgangatho wemabhile 19, 7 nge-19, 7 yeemitha kunye no-a ichibi elingaphakathi ye-5 yeemitha ubunzulu ijikelezwe yimabula yokuhamba eyi-1 yeemitha ububanzi ehamba ngendlela ejikelezayo.
Eli gumbi liqhotyoshelwe eqongeni ngendlela okanye indlela yokuhamba. Ukuba ufuna ukungena echibini kunokwenzeka, AmaSikh ayithathela ingqalelo loo nto Amanzi anamandla anceda nokulungisa ikarma Kwaye uyakubona abantu bephethe iibhotile zeplastiki ngamanzi. Ihlala ikhutshiwe kwaye ikhutshiwe ngamavolontiya afanayo agcina itempile iphela.
Igumbi elinemigangatho emibini, ukubhala okungcwele kumgangatho wokuqala malunga neeyure ezingama-20 ngosuku. Iiyure ezine zithathwa apho zisiwe kwelinye igumbi, phakathi kweminyhadala. Umgangatho ophezulu ligalari edityaniswe ngezinyuko. Igolide nobhedu zikhanya kuyo yonke indawo kwaye zikho neenjongo zendalo. Isilingi ihonjiswe ngamatye anqabileyo Uyilo lweentyatyambo olujikeleze yonke into kwaye lukwiipaneli zemabhile ezijikeleze igumbi zii-arabesque.
Kukho esinye isakhiwo, esiphambi kwendlela yokuhamba kunye neholo engcwele, eyiye kwikomkhulu lesebe lezopolitiko lamaSikh kwiphondo lasePunjab. Imalunga nayo akal takht, iTrone kaThixo ongapheliyo. Uya kubona kwakhona inqaba yewotshi ekucacileyo ukuba ibingekho ngaphambili. IBritane yadiliza isakhiwo emva kwemfazwe namaSikh kwaye yakha iwotshi yohlobo lweGothic ngezitena ezibomvu. Yadilizwa kwiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe kamva kwaye namhlanje kukho enye into ehambelana ngakumbi netempile.
Uya kubona kwakhona eminye imithi ekhathalelwe ngentlonipho enkuluKuba kwasekuqaleni i-Golden Temple complex yayivulekile kwaye imithi yayijikeleze ichibi. Omnye usecaleni kwewotshi kwaye kukholelwa ukuba umakhi wetempile wayehleli apha ukuze abukele imisebenzi iqhubeka. Kukho eminye imithi emibini egcinwe ngamandla.
Kwaye okokugqibela, ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngeSikhism ungandwendwela Imyuziyam yeSikh kumnyango osemantla wetempile. Kukho imizobo yabafeli-nkolo kunye negurus, amabali endlela abatshutshiswa ngayo kwimbali, izinto zembali kunye nokunye okuninzi. Icandelo elitsha elingaphantsi komhlaba liye lahlonyelwa, kufutshane newotshi kodwa ngaphandle kwentendelezo yetempile.
Ukuba uceba ukuya eIndiya kwaye ufuna ukwazi ngeTempile yeGolide uya kuba nakho ukungqina iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemihla ngemihla y ukutya simahla iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.