Ukuba uthanda iintlango, ngokuqinisekileyo uvile nge Intlango yaseAtacama, eyona ntlango idumileyo kuMzantsi Merika, ese EChile Yeyona ntlango yomileyo engeyoncam kwaye yeyona ntlango inkulu enenkungu emhlabeni.
Inkulu kakhulu kwaye ungayindwendwela, ke apha siyakuxelela ukuba injani kwaye xa undwendwela intlango ye-Atacama.
Intlango yaseAtacama
Intlango yeAtacama Inommandla we-1600 km., ikunxweme lwePasifiki, kwintshona yeAndes, eChile. Imalunga ne indawo enamatye, enamachibi anetyuwa eninzi, isanti namatye anentaba-mlilo.
Hlangana namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, kuba ibonakaliswe kuzo zombini i-Humboldt ocean current kunye ne-antiticlonic current ye-Pacific. Nangona ubani ecinga ngentlango njengendawo eyinkqantosi, iNtlango yeAtacama, kude kube kudala, yayiyindawo enemithi ethe kratya. Kwagawulwa amahlathi ngemigodi ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX.
Ngokusisiseko yi intlango eshushu, yamandulo neyomileyo. Kuthiwa yeyona ntlango indala kwiplanethi kwaye iimeko zayo eziphantse zibe yinkqantosi sele zineminyaka eyi-150 yezigidi ubudala (ngokutsho kweNature Magazine). Intliziyo yentlango ibinobharhisa okweminyaka eyi-15 yezigidi ezidlulileyo, ngenxa yesenzo esidityanisiweyo sokwakheka komhlaba kunye neemeko zomoya zale ndawo. Yiyo loo nto iyindawo apho I-NASA ivavanya izixhobo kwaye yenza uphando lwaselabhoratri kwimishini kuMars.
Kungenxa yokuba le ntliziyo eyomileyo iphantse ithintele ubukho bezityalo okanye izilwanyana kwaye kukho ubomi obuthile obukwimo yeentsholongwane, ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemvula kunye nezikhukula kunye nobushushu. Kwaye bathi utshintsho lwemozulu luya kwenza kuphela izaqhwithi apha zomelele ngokwenza imozulu iguquguquke kakhulu, ke endaweni yokwenza intlango yome ngakumbi, kubonakala ngathi utshintsho lwemozulu luya kuyenza ibe manzi. Okwangoku, iNtlango yeAtacama inokunceda izazinzulu zibone indlela abantu abanokuphila ngayo kuMars.
Intlango phumla emazantsi eentaba zeAndes, udederhu lweentaba ezithintela ukufika kwemvula evela empuma. Ngasentshona, umoya obandayo osuka kwiPasifiki ubangela ukuba amanzi olwandle abe ngumphunga, ngaloo ndlela ethintela ukuvela kwamafu emvula. Kwezinye iintlango zehlabathi amaqondo obushushu anokuba phezulu kakhulu, kodwa apha iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi enyakeni lishushu kakhulu kwaye limalunga ne-18ºC.
Intlango yeAtacama Yenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo emhlabeni zokubona iimfihlo zendalo iphela kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu idla ngokutyelelwa zizazi ngeenkwenkwezi, abantu abangafundanga kunye neengcali. Intlango inobusuku obungama-330 ngonyaka ngaphandle kwamafu ngoko yifestile emangalisayo kwindalo iphela, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu kukho iindawo ezininzi zokuphonononga: kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yi-ALMA, uthungelwano lwe Iiteleskopu ezingama-66 ezilawulwa ngabaququzeleli besayensi abavela kwihlabathi liphela, ukusuka eYurophu, kuMntla Melika, eMpuma Asia kwaye kunjalo, eChile.
Ngokomzekelo, iteleskopu ye-European Space Agency, yafumana inkqubo yesijikelezi-langa efana neyethu kumgama weminyaka yokukhanya engama-40, yaye ikunye nezinye, iye yasazisa ngeemfihlelo zomnyele wethu. Kodwa njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi ezisafundayo nazo ziza apha zisenza kanye le nto ibizwe "ukhenketho lweenkwenkwezi". Kwaye kungoku nje kukho iindawo zokuphonononga ezingaphezu kwe-10, abaninzi babo basondele eSan Pedro de Atacama (ALMA, Alarkapin, Paranal).
Emazantsi kukho iMamalluca, iCollowuara, iTololo kunye neLas Campanas observatories, ukukhankanya nje ezimbalwa. Kwaye singabhalisa njani ukuze sikhenkethe ezi ndawo? Qaphela: eLa Serena, e-Elqui Valley, e-Antofagasta, e-Iquique okanye eSan Pedro de Atacama kukho ii-arhente ezibonelela ngezi. ukhenketho ngeenkwenkwezi: Ziquka indawo yokuhlala, uthutho kunye nezixhobo zokujonga.
Kwaye ke, imalunga nokwenza tyelela iindawo zokujonga izinto kunye nezibonelelo zazo kwaye ucinge ngeenkwenkwezi. Bala ukuba ukhenketho olufana nolu luthatha malunga neentsuku ezi-5 kwaye lugubungela umgama ophakathi kweekhilomitha ezingama-259. Eyona dolophu ikufutshane nentlango yiSan Pedro de Atacama, indawo esinokufikelela kuyo ngemoto yabucala okanye ngebhasi ukusuka eCalama, eChile, okanye, ukuba useArgentina, usuka eSalta. Yeyona ndawo icetyiswayo yokuqala.
Indlela eya eSan Pedro de Atacama, eyona dolophu indala yaseChile, izele ziindawo ezintle, nokuba uhamba emhlabeni okanye ngenqwelomoya, ngenqwelomoya. IiAndes ziwela kumhlaba omdaka wentlango, ukuya kutsho kumathafa ayo athe tyaba azaliswe yimiwonyo. Indlela ephakathi kweSan Pedro neCalama ngomhlaba ziikhilomitha ezili-100, ukuba luhambo lwasentlango, ngokungathi uhamba eNyangeni. Emva koko, ngokuthe ngcembe, iiAndes ziye zabonakala elundini phayaa yaye xa ufika eSan Pedro kuba ngathi ufikelele kwindawo eluhlaza engqongwe ziintaba, ichibi letyuwa neenduli zesanti.
Ngebhasi, indlela ithatha phantse iyure enesiqingatha, idibanisa iSan Pedro nesikhululo seenqwelomoya saseCalama. Abahambi abaninzi baqesha imoto eCalama okanye babelane ngokutshintshela kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya ukuya eSan Pedro ukuze bathathe uhambo olusuka apho. Ukuba ukhetha ibhasi ngeveki kukho iinkonzo ezili-145 ngokubanzi. Eyona ndlela inexabiso eliphantsi kukusebenzisa esi sithuthi, kodwa eyona ndlela ikhawulezayo kukukhwela iteksi.
Olona khenketho ludumileyo kwiNtlango yeAtacama luqala eSalar, kwiNtlambo yeNyanga, kwiigiza zaseTatio.. Kodwa ngaphaya kwemihlaba ungaya kwakhona ngexesha le-carnival, amaqela amahle kakhulu kwaye anemibala. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yiCarnival Con la Fuerza del Sol, kwisixeko sase-Arica, kodwa kukho iCarnival ye-Our Lady of Ayquina okanye umthendeleko weLa Tirana. Kwaye ndithetha ngeecarnivals kuba ngaphezu kokuba yintlango, ubukho bomntu bukhona.
Intlango ibe sisiqalo sempucuko yangaphambi kwe-Columbian, ngoko ilifa layo linokubonwa ubugcisa belitye naphambi kobuso babanye abantu. Kule nto unokutyelela iAzapa okanye iValle de Lluta, iPucará de Quitor okanye iAldea de Tulor, eSan Pedro, umzekelo.
Ke, ngokusisiseko ukuba uya kwiNtlango yeAtaca awunakuphoswa yiSan Pedro, iPucará de Quitor kunye neValle de Marte, iBaltinache, iChaxa, iAltiplánica kunye neCejar lagoons, ebizwa ngokuba yiPiedras Rojas kunye neAguas Calientes Salt Flat, Iigiza zeTatio, iNtlambo yeNyanga kunye nembono yeKari kunye neNtlambo yeRainbow.
kakuhle, Liliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuya kwiNtlango yeAtacama? Ezona nyanga zilungileyo, ngenxa yemozulu entle, hamba ukusuka kuJanuwari ukuya kuEpreli kwaye ukusuka kuSeptemba ukuya kuDisemba, kuquka. Ezona nyanga zishushu nguJanuwari, Februwari noMatshi no-Oktobha, Novemba noDisemba. Ezona zome ngoAprili ukuya kuDisemba. Kwaye uJulayi yeyona nyanga ibandayo.
Ukuba kunjalo, ixesha eliphezulu, nabakhenkethi abaninzi, nguFebruwari, Septemba, Okthobha noNovemba, ibe yeyona ncopho iphezulu ngoJanuwari nangoDisemba. Ixesha lonyaka elisezantsi liqala ngoMatshi kwaye liqhube ngo-Agasti, kunye neyona ncopho iphantsi ibe ngoJuni.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uhamba nini, hlala unxibe iimpahla zasehlotyeni kunye neempahla zasebusika. Amaqondo obushushu ashushu emini kwaye kubanda kakhulu ebusuku. Kwakhona, ukuba uza kutyelela iigiza zaseTatio okanye iiLagoons zeAltiplanic, nxiba idyasi.