Las Iinqaba ezingamawele zeZiko lezoRhwebo leHlabathi Babekwa ngokusesikweni ngo-1973 kwaye boyiswa kukuhlaselwa kwabanqolobi okwaziwayo ngo-2011. Kuyo yonke loo minyaka babeyimbonakalo yehlabathi. Eyona ndawo yayisemehlweni omntu de ENew York kwaye bonke abakhenkethi bafuna ukuba kumaziko abo okubukela bonwabele umbono ongakhangekiyo wepanoriki abawenzayo.
IZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi, njengokuguqulelwa kweSpanish, lalinjalo eManhattan Ukugqitywa kwayo yayinezona zakhiwo zide ehlabathini. Ulwakhiwo lwe-mega lwe-Dubai lwaluseneminyaka emininzi kude. Ucinga ntoni ukuba sikhumbula ezo nqaba zinde ezazikhangele phezulu esibhakabhakeni?
Indawo yelizwe yokuthengisa
El tata, ezinye izakhiwo zaziyinxalenye efanayo kwaye zakhiwa kude kube ngo-1985, yayiyilwe ngamashishini amabini okwakha. Ilitye lesiseko labekwa kwi-1966 kwaye njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, iinqaba zavulwa ngo-1973. Inqaba yasemantla yagqitywa kuqala emva koko yagqitywa.
Uyilo lwenziwe ikakhulu ngumyili waseJapan-waseMelika ogama linguMinoru Yamasaki, owaziwa ngokuba ngummeli we I-neo-formalism kunye nokuthanda okwangoku ngaphakathi kwicandelo loyilo.
Nangona ekuqaleni wayecinga ngemigangatho engama-80, ekugqibeleni yayili-101, kwicandelo loyilo elithetha ukusetyenziswa kweekhetshi ezingaphezulu. Injalo loo nto, ubude bude besakhiwo, iilifti ekufuneka uzifakile.
IZiko lezoRhwebo leHlabathi laphela ngaloo ndlela Izinyusi ezingama-95 kwinqaba nganye. Bahlala embindini wabo kwaye bancediswa zizinyuko ezintathu. Apha embindini bekukho neentsika zentsimbi ezibaleka ukusuka kwisiseko ukuya kumphezulu wesakhiwo ngasinye. Ngokuqinisekileyo uvile ngabo kumaxwebhu enziwa ngenxa yohlaselo lwabanqolobi ...
Nangona kunjalo, nje ukuba uyilo lugqityiwe kwaye luhlengahlengiswe kwimigaqo yesiXeko saseNew York, abasebenzi baya emsebenzini badiliza iibhloko ezilishumi elinesithathu ukucoca indawo. Ukongeza, phantse i-cubic metres zomhlaba zacandwa. Imisebenzi yayiyimbonakalo! Ekugqibeleni, iNorth Tower okanye i-WTC 1 yagqitywa ngo-1970 kwaye kunyaka olandelayo i-Tower 2. Abantu baqala ukusebenza kwizakhiwo phakathi kuka-1970 no-1972 kodwa yonke into yagqitywa nge-100% ngo-1973.
Ukusukela ngoko ukuya phambili, izakhiwo ezitsha zongezwa kubuxhakaxhaka bezorhwebo, yiyo ke loo nto bezikwi-80s izakhiwo ezisixhenxe, phakathi kwazo ezi nqaba zimbini zibalaseleyo. Zombini zaziziimitha ezingama-410 ubude. Kwiminyaka emibini, ukusuka ku-'72 ukuya ku-74, iNqaba 1 yayisesona sakhiwo siphakamileyo emhlabeni sibetha uBukhosi boMbuso obabuphethe isithsaba iminyaka engamashumi amane. Kunyaka olandelayo iNqaba 2 yalandelwa.
Kwakuloo nyaka, nangona kunjalo, esinye isakhiwo esiphakamileyo saseMelika sathatha indawo yaso kwiimitha ezingama-440 ukuphakama: iWillis Tower, eChicago, nangona bahlala Izakhiwo ezinenani elingaphezulu kwemigangatho kude kube ngu-2010, xa iBurj Khalifa ivulwa eDubai.
Nangona iZiko lezoRhwebo leHlabathi lazalwa linombono weeofisi zezindlu zeenkampani ezinikezele kwezorhwebo, zaphumelela kuphela ngo-80, kuba ekuqaleni imeko yezoqoqosho yayingalunganga (khumbula ukuba ngo-73 kwakubizwa njalo Ingxaki yeoyile), ke phakathi kwee-80s kunye nee-90s kukuba iinkampani zezemali zaqala ukuthatha iinqaba.
Ukhenketho kwiZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi
Ngokucacileyo abaqulunqi babecinga nangokubhengeza kwabakhenkethi kwezi nqaba. Kungenxa yoko le nto bakhe indawo yokujonga izinto kwaye i-cinema yaseHollywood yayijongene nokubakhuthaza kwiifilimu zabo.
ISouth Tower yayiquka iindawo ezimbini zokujonga, enye ingaphakathi kunye nomnye ongaphandle. Kwakuyiziko le-WTC Observatories, elibekwe kwimigangatho 107 no-110. Uqwalaselo lwangaphakathi lwaluziimitha ezingama-400 ukuphakama, kumgangatho we-107, kwaye lwalunendawo yokutya eyayifana nemoto yangaphantsi kwe-NY.
Ukuba imozulu intle, iindwendwe zinokuhamba kancinci ezantsi kwizitepsi ukusuka kule ndawo ukuya kumgangatho we-110, iimitha ezingamashumi amabini ukuphakama.
Ngaphandle kwamafu, umbono we-panoramic ufike kwiikhilomitha ezingama-80. Ummangaliso! Ukongeza, bekukho ucingo olunye kuphela, ukuze kungabikho nto ithintela umbono, owongeze amanqaku ukuba siwuthelekisa lo mboniso kunye nenye iklasikhi esixekweni, leyo ye-Empire State Building.
Ngokwenxalenye yayo, iNorth Tower ukusukela ngo-1976 yayinendawo yokutyela eyayisebenza kwimigangatho emibini, u-106 no-107, indawo yokutyela kunye nendawo yokutyela iwayini emva kweminyaka eyayiza kutshintshwa kodwa eyayineenzuzo zosozigidi kude kufike uhlaselo lwabanqolobi ngo-2001. kumgangatho, bekukho enye irestyu ebiphakela isidlo sasemini.
Enye idatha eyongezelelweyo ngendlela ye curiosities: i INorth Tower yatsha umlilo ngo-1975, kwimigangatho eliqela. Kwakhona wahlaselwa ngo-1993 xa itrakhi eneziqhushumbisi yaqhushumba kwindawo yakhe yokupaka yabangela umngxunya omkhulu kwiindawo ezintlanu kunye nokusweleka kwabantu abahlanu. Olu hlaselo lwenziwa ngumArabhu wase-Kuwait ogama linguRamzi Yousef, wase-Al Qaeda.
Ekugqibeleni, Ubomi beZiko lezoRhwebo ngeLizwi bufikelele esiphelweni ngoSeptemba 11, 2001 xa abagrogrisi abangamaSilamsi baqweqwedisa iinqwelomoya ezimbini, enye isuka kwiAmerican Airlines kwaye enye isuka eUnited Airlines, yaza yabatshayisa kwiinqaba.
Inqwelomoya yaseMelika yangena kwiNorth Tower, phakathi kwemigangatho engama-93 ukuya kuma-99, kwaye ingaphantsi kwemizuzu engamashumi amabini kamva inqwelo moya yaseUnited yaphazamiseka phakathi kwemigangatho engama-77 neyama-85 yeSouth Tower.
Impembelelo yokuqala ishiye abantu abayi-1300 bebodwa njengoko izinyuko kunye neelifti bezitshatyalaliswa. Eyesibini yayingabalulekanga kangako ngenxa yokuba izinyuko zazishiyeke ziphelele, kodwa kwakamsinya nje emva kokuba inqaba idilikile akunakubakho baphumayo abaninzi. A) Ewe, Kuqala iSouth Tower yawa kwaye kancinane ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha seyure emva nasemva kokutsha kwelangatye iyure enesiqingatha INorth Tower yawa.
Emva Ezinye izakhiwo ezikwisakhiwo seWorld Trade Center zehlelwa yile ngxaki. Ukuwa kweenqaba kwenza into yayo nge-Marriot Hotel, i-WTC3, i-WTC 7 nayo yawa ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kolwakhiwo kwaye ezinye zonakaliswa kakubi ngamadangatye kangangokuba ekugqibeleni zawa.
IZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi namhlanje
Kungekudala emva kohlaselo lobunqolobi, kwavulwa ukhuphiswano lokwakha iziko elitsha lezemali nelorhwebo. Ngo-2006 kwaqala umsebenzi kwisakhiwo esitshaIZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi elinye, iZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi eli-4, iZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi eli-7, iZiko loRhwebo leHlabathi eli-3 kunye ne-2 ye-WTC, zombini ezi zakhiwo. Ubunzima bunayo, ewe, a isikhumbuzo kunye nemyuziyam.
El YeZiko loRhwebo loLuntu Iphakame nangaphezulu kunangaphambili: iimitha ezingama-541. Ulwakhiwo lwagqitywa ngo-2012. Iziko lolondolozo lwembali, iSikhumbuzo seSizwe seSeptemba 11 neMyuziyam, savulwa ngo-2014 kunye nesikhumbuzo ngo-2011 Hub Ezothutho zezakutshanje, 2016. Eminye imisebenzi kwezinye izakhiwo iyaqhubeka.
Namhlanje abakhenkethi banokusondela kwezi zintsonkothileyo kwaye bandwendwele Ukuqwalaselwa kweZiko elinye lezoRhwebo leHlabathi, kwimigangatho emithathu ephezulu, 100, 101 kunye ne-102. Inika imibono emikhulu kwi-360º, inesihlanu Iifayile zohlobo lweSky PodNgokukhawuleza kakhulu, bakhwela ukusuka kwisiseko ukuya kumgangatho we-201st kwimizuzwana nje engama-60 ngesibane esimangalisayo sokukhanya kwe-LED esibuyisela imbali ebonakalayo ye-NY ukusuka kwi-1500s ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje.
Kwindawo yokugcina izinto ezinokubonwa unokukonwabela Ukuhlolwa kwemizuzu emibini kunye neembono zomoya zeNew Yorkof a iphaneli yemultimedia ekuvumela ukuba ubazi ubumelwane bakho kunye nomtsalane wabakhenkethi kunye nezinto ezintle Isibuko Esibhakabhaka, iqonga leemitha ezintlanu eliphakamileyo elijikelezileyo elinemifanekiso ye-HD yokwenene yexesha lezitalato ezingezantsi.
Amatikiti angabhukishwa kwi-intanethi kwaye kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo: akukho kulinda, ngokungena kuqala, kunye nokungena kuqala + nokusetyenziswa.
- Tsiba-ukwamkelwa komgca: $ 37 ngomntu omdala
- Ukungena kuqala: $ 48 kumntu ngamnye
- Itikiti eliphambili + ukusetyenziswa: $ 59.