Izitofu zokuya eBrazil

Ukuthetha ngezitofu zokugonya ukuya eBrazil kuthetha ukuzenza iingcebiso, hayi yeembopheleleko. Oku kuthetha ukuba urhulumente waseBrazil akafuni naluphina uhlobo lokugonya ukungena kweli lizwe. Ngaphandle kweemfuno ezivela kubhubhane (nali inqaku le migangatho ngohlanga), Akukho meko yezempilo esemthethweni yokundwendwela amazwe aseRio de Janeiro.

Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ugcine engqondweni ukuba iBrazil lilizwe lesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ineekhilomitha ezizizigidi ezisibhozo zeekhilomitha kwaye ibandakanya iyantlukwano enkulu ngokwemo yezulu nangokwemvelo. Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukufumana ugonyo oluthile lokuya eBrazilIngakumbi ukuba usiya kwimimandla ethile.

Izitofu zokuya eBrazil, ngaphezulu kwengcebiso

Njengoko besitshilo, ilizwe lase Mzantsi Melika likhulu kwaye libandakanya indawo elungileyo ye IAmazon. Ke ngoko, awuyi kufuna izitofu ezifanayo ukuba uhamba ukuya kwelokugqibela ngokungathi uyakwenza oko ERio de Janeiro, umzekelo.

Ngayiphi na imeko, kukho inani labo ekucetyiswa kakhulu nokuba yeyiphi na intsimi oyindwendwelayo. Kwaye akukho nanye kuzo eya kukwenzakalisa, ke awulahlekelwa nto ngokubeka kwaye ukuphepha umngcipheko wezifo ezinobungozi. Unokucela ukuqeshwa ukuze uzikhuthaze nakweyiphi na amaziko okugonya amazwe ngamazwe Icandelo loMphathiswa Wezangaphandle eSpain e esi sixhobo. Kodwa, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha, siza kuthetha nawe malunga nezitofu zokuya eBrazil ezicetyiswayo.

Ugonyo lwe yellow fever

Esi sisifo esixhaphakileyo kwilizwe lase Mzantsi Melika kangangokuba, kude kube kutshanje, abasemagunyeni bafuna ukuba bagonywe phambi kokuba bangene kweli lizwe. Umkhuhlane omthubi sisifo esosulelayo esihlasela iingcongconi xa ziluma. I-Aedes aegypti, ikwabizwa ngokuba yingcongconi yomama.

Esi sinambuzane sikwadlulisa i shock, iyingozi ngakumbi, kuba ayinalo iyeza lokugonya. Kodwa, ukubuyela kwi-yellow fever, iimpawu zayo, ngokuchanekileyo, umkhuhlane, iintloko kunye nentlungu yomqolo, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngexesha, isigulana siqala ukukhula jaundice (kungoko isichazi esimthubi) kunye nokugula ngenxa yokopha. Eli nqanaba lesibini libonisa ukusweleka malunga nama-50%.

Ke ngoko, sisifo esibi kakhulu. Kwaye, njengoko kungabizi mali ukuze ugonywe, ingcebiso yethu xa usiya eBrazil kukuba uhlala usenza ukuze uzolile. Nokuba kunjalo, ukuba undwendwela iAmazon, khumbula ukuba eli yeza alikukhuseli kwezi zinto sele zikhankanyiwe shock. Ngoko ke nxiba iimpahla ezinemikhono emide uze usebenzise into egxotha iingcongconi.

Isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi

Ngokungafaniyo neyangaphambili, esi sifo sihlupheka xa ibhaktiriya I-Clostridium tetani losulela inxeba. Njengoko usazi kakuhle, oku kunokuveliswa ngokulula kakhulu, ngakumbi xa usiya kwiindawo zasendle zaseBrazil. Kwaye kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba le bhaktiriya ikhankanywe ngasentla ifunyenwe kuyo nawuphi na umhlaba ongcolileyo. Umzekelo, kuqheleke kakhulu kwizinyithi ezine-oxidized.

Ke ngoko, akukho nzima ukuba udibane nayo. Kwelinye icala, i iclostridium yenza ii-neurotoxins echaphazela yonke inkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili zi-spasms, ukuxhamla kwemisipha enobundlobongela, ukuqina kunye nokukhubazeka. Zikhatshwa ngumkhuhlane, ukubila okugqithileyo, kunye nokuvuza amanzi.

Ngaphandle kokubandezeleka okubangelayo, ukuba ayinyangwa ngexesha, inokubulala. Ke ngoko, njengoko besesikucebisile ngaphambili, awulahlekelwa nto ngokugonywa kwesi sifo.

Kwelinye icala, isitofu sokugonya se-tetanus sihlala sibandakanya ezo diphtheria kunye umkhuhlane ohambayo, Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uhambe uye eBrazil. Esokuqala sisifo esosulelayo esidluliselwa ngomlomo, ngakumbi ngokukhohlela okanye ukuthimla. Kubangelwa ngumnxeba I-Klebs-Löffler i-bacillus kwaye inokuba mbi ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci.

Ngokumalunga nokukhohlela, sisifo esosulelayo sokuphefumla esibangelwa yintsholongwane Bordetella pertussis. Uphawu lukhohlo lwe-spasmodic kwaye luyosulela kakhulu. Njengangaphambili, ichaphazela abantwana abancinci ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba ibangela iingxaki, ihlala iphola kakuhle.

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hepatitis A

Esi sisifo esosulelayo, esibangela ukudumba kwesibindi. Iveliswa, ngokuthe ngqo, yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis A okanye IParamyxovirus 72 kwaye ayinabuzaza kakhulu kunezinye izinto ezahlukileyo zesi sifo, esiza kuthetha ngaso.

Ngapha koko, ayinakuba sisifo esinganyangekiyo okanye ibangele ukonakala kwesibindi okusisigxina. Kodwa inokuthengwa ngokulula, kuba idluliselwa ngu ukutya okanye amanzi angcolileyo, nakwindawo ezingacocekanga. Ngesi sizathu, sikucebisa ukuba uhlambe izandla rhoqo, into engathandabuzekiyo ekhala intsimbi ngenxa yecoronavirus.

Kwaye, ewe, sicebisa ukuba ugonyelwe i-hepatitis A. Ifakwe kwiidosi ezimbini kwiinyanga ezintandathu ngokwahlukeneyo. Kukulungele ukuya eBrazil, ke kuya kufuneka uqwalasele ukufumana isitofu ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukuyigqiba, kufuneka udlule iinyanga ezintandathu, njengoko besitshilo.

Ugonyo lwe-Hepatitis B

Singakuxelela ngesi sifo ikwayiloo nto siyibonakalisileyo kwi-hepatitis A. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo B lulo eyingozi ngakumbi, kuba inokuvelisa usulelo olungapheliyo kwaye oku, kunokukhokelela ekusileleni kwesibindi, ukuqina kwesibindi okanye umhlaza wesibindi.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi akukho nzulu. Kodwa kungathabatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezine ngaphambi kokuba wosulelwe zimpawu. Kule meko, idluliselwa ngu ulwelo emzimbeni. Umzekelo, igazi okanye amadlozi, kodwa hayi ngokukhohlela okanye ukuthimla.

Ukongeza, ngokuchaseneyo nokwenzekayo nezinye izifo, i-hepatitis B iyahlala ngokulula ngakumbi kuyo abantu abatsha kunokuba kwizikhundla eziphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, kungcono ukuba ugonywe ngaphambi kokuya eBrazil. Kule meko, i-antigen ineedosi ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezilawulwayo, ngokufanayo, ngekhefu leenyanga ezintandathu.

Ugonyo lweMMR

Eli ligama elinikwe lowo uthintela izifo ezifana imasisi, irubella, noqwilikana. Esokuqala sisifo sohlobo lwe-exanthematic, Oko kukuthi, senzeka ngombala obomvu kulusu, obangelwa yintsholongwane, ngakumbi usapho iparamyoviridae. Olunye uphawu lwesi sifo kukukhohlela kwaye, ukuba sitshisa ingqondo, sinokuba sibi kakhulu.

Ngokuphathelele irubellaSisifo esosulelayo esikwabonisa ukudumba kolusu kwaye sibangelwa yintsholongwane. Kule meko, idluliselwa ngu indlela yomoya kwaye kuthatha phakathi kweentsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezi sixhenxe ukuzibonakalisa, kodwa kuyosulela kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwemeko yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ayisiyonto imbi kangako. Kwezi, inokonakalisa umbungu obangela umonakalo ongapheliyo.

Ekugqibeleni i parotitis sisifo esiqhelekileyo. Igama lakhe ngekhe livakale liqhelekile kuwe. Kodwa, ukuba sikuxelele ukuba kunjalo uqwilikanaNgokuqinisekileyo uvile ngabo. Idluliselwa ngu Ukuhla kwe-myxovirus, nangona kukho okwahlukileyo okubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ayisosifo esibi ukuba nje inyangwa. Ngaphandle koko kwaye kwiimeko ezigwenxa kunokukhokelela kwi-meningitis, i-pancreatitis okanye ukungachumi emadodeni.

Isitofu sokugonya seMMR sithintela zonke ezi zifo kwaye sinikwa ngeedosi ezimbini ngaphandle kweeveki ezine.

Ezinye iindlela zokukhusela kuhambo oluya eBrazil

Ezi sizichazileyo kuwe zizitofu zokuya e-Brazil iingcebiso zeengcali. Sikucebisa ukuba uzibeke ukuba uza kuyenza. Kodwa, ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele ezinye izilumkiso kuhambo lwakho ukuze impilo yakho ingabi sengozini.

Inyathelo lokuqala kukuba ubhalisele Ubhaliso lwabahambi yoMphathiswa Wezangaphandle nokuba uqasha a i-inshurensi yezonyango. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalontle lwaseSpain alunabunyani eBrazil. Ke ngoko, ukuba uyagula, zonke iindleko babaleka ngeendleko zakho. Kwaye oko kubandakanya ukulaliswa esibhedlele, unyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwilizwe lakho.

Kwelinye icala, zonke izinto eziphilayo zicebisa ukuba, xa usela amanzi, usele wona kuphela ibhotile phezulu, ungaze uphume empompini okanye emithonjeni. Ngokufanayo, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno oyityayo kufuneka ibenjalo ihlanjwe kakuhle kwaye inentsholongwane.

Ngokumalunga neelwandle, qiniseka ukuba azingcoliswanga. Vula Sao Paulo y Santa Catarina kuninzi kakhulu apho ukuhlamba kungavumelekanga. Ke wona amayeza, zithathe eSpain ukunqanda ukubaleka kuzo. Nangona kunjalo, banokujongwa kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya xa ufika. Ke ngoko sicebisa ukuba uze neresiphi okanye uxwebhu olugwebayo ukuba uyabathatha.

Ngayiphi na imeko, ukuba unamathandabuzo, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele iwebhusayithi yoMphathiswa Wezangaphandle ukucacisa yonke into osazibuza yona.

Ukuqukumbela, sikuxelele ngayo yonke izitofu zokuya eBrazil kucetyiswa ziingcali. Akukho namnye uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ke siyacebisa ukuba uzifake. Kwaye, ukuba usenamathandabuzo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubonisane ugqirha wakho. Ke, uya kuhamba ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye uhlale a amava angaqhelekanga ukuba akukho sifo sinokumosha.