ESarajevo yiyo ikomkhulu laseBosnia neHerzegovina, isixeko esinohlaza oluninzi, esisentlanjeni ejikelezwe ziintaba. Le yindawo yokunyibilikisa yeenkolo, amaKatolika, amaJuda, amaOthodoki namaSilamsi ahlala kunye, ukuze ukuhlala kunye kuguqulelwe kwinkcubeko yabo.
Yintoni esinokuyenza eSarajevo? Sifumene namhlanje.
ESarajevo
Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40 unokuyikhumbula loo minyaka yesiphithiphithi se ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, xa ubukomanisi banikezela ukufa kwabo okokugqibela kwaye nemephu yezopolitiko yaseYurophu yaqwalaselwa kwakhona. Malunga neli xesha, kwaqhambuka imfazwe enegazi kwiiBalkan kwaye Yugoslavia yacinywa, ngemfazwe, eyathabatha iminyaka emine yaza yatshabalalisa isixeko.
Ngo-1995 imfazwe yaphela kwaye isixeko sahlulwa kubini: kwelinye icala iSarajevo esibhekisa kuyo (yonke imimandla yangaphambi kwemfazwe kunye neNovi Grad kunye nezinye iindawo), ukuba likomkhulu leriphabliki entsha, nakwelinye ikomkhulu lempuma yeSarajevo. YeRiphabhlikhi yaseSrpska. Zombini ecaleni komnye.
Ngo-2003 uninzi lwesixeko besele sakhiwe Kodwa imfazwe enegazi phakathi kwabantu eyathi amashumi eminyaka "yanamatheliswa" bubukomanisi yashiya umkhondo wayo. Namhlanje, isixeko esilikomkhulu, njengoko besitshilo, embindini wentili, ejikelezwe ziiDinaric Alps. Kukho iintaba ezintlanu eziphambili ezingqukuva kwaye ezona ziphakamileyo zingaphezulu nje kweemitha ezingama-2 XNUMX ukuphakama. U-Igman, uJahorina, uTrebevic kunye noBjelasnica baziwa njengeeOlimpiki zaseSarajevo.
Kukho umlambo owela esixekweni, iMiljacka okanye iSarajevo River. Imozulu kuloo ndawo yelizwekaziNjengokuba ikufutshane noLwandle oluhle lweAdriatic, amaqondo obushushu awanamandla kangako.
Ukhenketho lwaseSarajevo
Njengoko besesitshilo, Iinkonzo ezininzi bezikho eSarajevo kangangeenkulungwane ke inkcubeko yahluke kakhulu. Emva kwemfazwe, namhlanje uninzi ngamaBosnia, ewe. Ke, Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi eSarajevo?
Siqala entliziyweni yesixeko esasekwa ngabantu base-Ottoman ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Oku kudlulileyo kusabonakala kwifayile ye- bascarsija, indawo encinci enentengiso enemigangatho-ibini eneestali zayo ezisusela kwelo xesha likude. Imarike ilandela umlambo iMiljacka kwaye ifikelela kumthombo wamaplanga weSebilj, kwaye isikwere sayo sigcwele amahobe.
Kuyinto eqhelekileyo indawo yokuthengisa Ngeziqholo ezinuka kamnandi ezidada emoyeni, inyama kunye nemvana, izikhumbuzo kunye nezidlo ezahlukeneyo zaseTurkey. Le ndawo ikwajolisa kwiindawo ezininzi zembali zesixeko, ezinje nge I-Mosque yaseGazi-Husrev kunye nenqaba yayo yewotshi yenyanga, okanye iivenkile zekofu zeziphi iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokuzama ikofu encinci yaseBosnia: yomelele, inyinyitye, ngokutsho kweBosnia, iphindwe kalishumi ngcono kunekofu yakudala yaseTurkey.
Enye iwindow eyadlulayo iSarajevo yile iinqaba zamandulo egxile eludongeni. Kwakukho abahlanu imisebenzi yabo yaqala ngo-1729 kodwa kuphela Inqaba yaseAmarillao Zuta Tabija, kunye UBijela Tabija. Ukusuka apha izimvo zintle, ngakumbi ngongcwalazi xa ilanga liwela kuphahla olubomvu kunye nee-minaret ezindala okanye ulwakhiwo lwase-Austro-Hungary oluqhelekileyo ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Inqaba ine-cafe encinci kwaye kukho iitafile zepikniki ezinegadi entle yebhiya.
Ukuba uyayithanda imbali yenkulungwane yamashumi amabini ungaya kuyo Ibhulorho yaseLatin, kuMlambo iMiljacka, odibanisa ikota endala kunye nesithili saseSkenderija. Yeyona bhulorho indala eSarajevo, Ngenkulungwane ye-1914. Kulapha ukuba ngo-18 indlalifa yaseHabsburg, yonyulwa etroneni, yabulawa ngumSerb oneminyaka eli-XNUMX ubudala, enika ukuqala kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQalal.
Kukho okuncinci museum isikhumbuzo somsitho ogqibe kwelokuba ekugqibeleni kuphele ubukhosi obubini, i-Ottoman kunye ne-Austro-Hungarian. Ngokuhamba kwexesha umyuziyam utshintshile kwaye namhlanje ngaphezulu kwayo nayiphi na into egxile kwiminyaka engama-40 apho isixeko sasilawulwa yi-Austro-Hungarian Empire kunye nendlela izinto ezaphela ngayo.
Ayisiyiyo yodwa ibhulorho, zininzi iibhlorho ezinomdla ibhulorho yabahambi ngenyawo phambi kweAkhademi yoBugcisa boBugcisa, el Kozija Cuprija Bridge, i ISuada kunye neOlga Bridge, kwayel I-Ars Aevi ...
Kuyinyani ukuba iSarajevo inexesha elidlulileyo, elinemfazwe ezininzi kunye nokonakaliswa, ke enye indawo enxulumene nale idlulileyo yile Itonela leemitha ezingama-800 lorgo isetyenziswe ngabathengisi ukungena kunye nokushiya isixeko ngamaxesha emfazwe yee-90s.
Namhlanje kukho ifayile ye- Imyuziyam yoLwakhiwo lweMfazwe, Ngendawo egcinwe kakuhle. Omnye umboniso ugxile kwi eyona mbubhiso inkulu eYurophu okoko kwabulawa amaNazi, yenzeka ngo-1995, inyanga phambi kokuphela kwemfazwe.
Ke, amajoni aseSerbia abulala ama-8 amabhinqa amaSilamsi kwisixeko esinye, ubukhulu becala amadoda kodwa nabafazi nabantwana. Bonke bangcwatyelwa kwingcwaba elikhulu. Kukho umboniso weefoto ezimnyama kakhulu nezimhlophe. Imyuziyam yeTan Tunnel ikwisitalato iTuneli, 1 kunye Umboniso weSrebrenica-Galerija kwi calle trg Fra Grge Martica, 2 / III.
Ukuba ungumYuda ungabona ukuhamba kwale dolophu esixekweni kwiindawo ezinje Imyuziyam yamaYuda, i-Old Jud Emangcwabeniio, yenye yezona zikhulu eYurophu, Igalari yeNovi Hram kunye Isinagoge laseAshkenazi. Emva kwexesha, ngokufika kwabalawuli baseAustro-Hungary, izakhiwo ezininzi ezinemigangatho emininzi yasentshona zakhiwa. Umzekelo yiVijecnica, ikomkhulu likarhulumente, ngesimbo sokubonisa samaMoor.
Intlanganiso phakathi kwempuma nentshona Ingabonakala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zedolophu, njengendawo apho isitrato esithandekayo kwimpuma yeSaraci sidibana nesitalato iFerhadija esentshona. Kwelinye icala, unokwazi ubudlelwane phakathi ISarajevo kunye neeOlimpiki. Isixeko sabamba iiOlimpiki zaseBusika ngo-1984 kwaye uninzi lwezixhobo zalo zakhiwa ngokukodwa kulo msitho.
Kukho Imyuziyam yeOlimpiki kunye nezinye izakhiwo (iZetra Olympic Complex, iHoliday Inn Hotel), kodwa ngelishwa ezinye zatshatyalaliswa kuQhushululu lwaseSarajevo olwaqala ngo-1992 ukuya ku-1996. ISarajevo Roses, amanqaku ashiyekileyo ngoombayimbayi kwaye agcwele isixeko sonke, okanye ilitye lesikhumbuzo labantwana ababulewe ngexesha lokungqingwa okungaphakathi kweVeliki Park.
Okokugqibela, ukuba uyakuthanda ukuhamba kubakhenkethi ungangena ISarajevo Ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo Tour ethatha iiyure ezimbini. Ke khumbula, eSarajevo kukho inkolo, imbali, ubomi obudlamkileyo kunye nokutya okumnandi kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo.