I-Itali yenye yeendawo ezinkulu zabakhenkethi eYurophu. Imbali, inkcubeko, imihlaba… Umntu unokubhadula iintsuku ezininzi ngejografi engayeki ukumangaliswa kwaye, ngenye imini, iya kufika Bologna, emantla.
Kufuphi neApennines sesinye sezixeko zakudala ezigcinwe kakuhle elizweni kwaye ukuba uyazithanda izinto eziphakathi, bubutyebi bokwenene. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni namhlanje yintoni ongayibona eBologna.
Bologna
IBologna, iBologna, yiyo emantla e-Itali kwaye ikomkhulu le-Emilia-Romagna. Ngaba i etruscans ngubani owasekayo, ukuze kamva abe ikholoni yamaRoma kwaye ukususela kula maxesha ifumana igama layo.
Emva kwexesha laliza kulawulwa ngooPopu kwaye nemikhosi kaNapoleon yayihamba ngezitalato zayo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Yayibalulekile inkcubeko, iziko lezopolitiko kunye nentengiso. Nantsi iyunivesithi, edumileyo kuba yasekwa ngo-1088, mhlawumbi eyunivesithi indala kwihlabathi lasentshona, yiyo loo nto isaziwa njenge I-Bologna yaFunda.
Abantu abaninzi bahlala eBologna. Isixeko siyaphumla kwintlambo phakathi kwemilambo iSavena neReno yiyo loo nto ineendlela ezithile. Mhlawumbi ayitsali abakhenkethi abaninzi njengeVenice, okanye ikomkhulu lase-Italiya uqobo, kodwa ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo kuya kufuneka uyindwendwele. Kwaye kuphela iyure enesiqingatha ukusuka eFlorence, ezimbini zivela eRoma okanye imizuzu engama-40 ukusuka eFlorence, zihlala ziloliwe.
Yintoni ekufuneka siyityelele? Ewe, into emele igcinwe engqondweni kukuba i-Itali ikwangokutya nokusela, hayi nje ukuhambahamba undwendwela iimyuziyam. Ke ngenye intsasa eBologna kufuneka sitye isidlo sakusasa kwindawo ephambili, iPizza Maggiore, ukubona ukuza nokuhamba kwesixeko nabantu baso. Ukusukela ngoko ndicebisa ukuphonononga izitrato ngeenyawo njenge iziko medieval mkhulu kwaye icwecwe.
La UPiazza Maggiore isentliziyweni ye-Bologna kwaye inezakhiwo ezibalulekileyo njengePalazzo del Podesta, iBasilica yaseSan Petronio, iPalazzo Comunulae okanye iPalazzo d'Accursio. Ngasemantla kwesikwere kukho enye, i UPiazza del Nettuno, kunye nefonti ethandwa kakhulu enikezelwe ngokuchanekileyo kwiNeptune.
EPiazza Maggiore kufuneka undwendwele I-Basilica yaseSan Petronio, Ezinikezelwe kubaxhasi besixeko. Kuyamangalisa ngaphandle, nangona kungaphelelanga. Yayikade iyibandla le-XNUMX ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ngokomthamo, kwaye inembonakalo elawulayo. Yibane Uhlobo lweGothic Yayakhiwe ngo-1338 ekuqaleni, nangona yayigqityiwe kuphela, hayi ngokupheleleyo, ngo-1479.
IiTowers ezimbini, ePiazza di Porta Ravegnana, yenye indawo ekugxilwe kuyo. Ukuya Inqaba yeAsinelli, phantse i-100 yeemitha ukuphakama, inokunyuka ngeeyure ezingaphantsi kwe-3 kwaye ukusuka ngaphezulu iimbono zilungile. Abafundi bayakuphepha ukunyuka bade baye kuthweswa isidanga ngenxa yokuba ilivo lithi lowo unyukayo akasoze ayifumane ... Enye inqaba iGarisenda, Iimitha ezingama-48 kunye neengqekembe kwaye oko kuthambekele kakhulu.
Kulo UPiazza Santo Stefano kukho iivenkile ezintle, zikulungele ukuphumla iinyawo zakho kancinci. nantsi I-Basilica Santuario Santo Stefano, kunye neecawe ezisixhenxe ezivela kumabala awahlukeneyo ezakhiwe kumabhodlo etempile yakudala enikezelwe kuIsis. Kwelinye icala, esinye sezona zakhiwo zibalaseleyo esixekweni yile Indawo yokugcina izinto, ngaphakathi kwiYunivesithi yaseBoli, efihla intle Iqonga lemidlalo.
Eli gumbi lenziwe ngomthi, lincinci kwaye linemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yoogqirha abadumileyo. Kwaye embindini, yonke ingqongwe zizihlalo, yitafile yokwakheka apho abafundi bafunde khona ngomzimba womntu. Esi sakhiwo Inkulungwane ye-XNUMX kwaye isePiazza Galvani.
Ke ukuba uthanda iimyuziyam zininzi onokukhetha kuzo. Singaxela igama I-Pinacoteca Nacional, iMyuziyam yobuGcisa bemihla ngemihla, i-Civic Archaeological Museum, iMyuziyam yamaxesha aphakathi kunye neRenaissance Museum, phakathi kwezinye ezininzi. Imyuziyam yase-Bologna inomdla kakhulu. Kuse-Piazza Maggiore kwaye inamacandelo alithoba ahamba ngaphambili, ixesha le-Etruscan, iCeltic, i-Greek, i-Roman kwaye inecandelo lase-Egypt kunye ne-numismatic.
Kukho igalari kaZwelonke yaseBoli, phantse nayo yonke imisebenzi yayo enxulunyaniswe nommandla. Kukho imisebenzi ukususela nge-XNUMX ukuya kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Isebenza ngaphakathi kobunzima kwiyunivesithi endala kwaye inamacandelo amabini: iClementine Academy kunye neGalari yeAkhademi yoBugcisa boBugcisa. Kukho imisebenzi kaRafael kunye noTitian. Ukongeza kwezi ndawo, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba zininzi kakhulu izigodlo zembali kunye neendawo zokuhlala.
Indawo entle iPiazzola kunye nentengiso yayo eyimbali. Yakhiwe ePiazza dell Agosto, emantla esixeko, kwaye inayo Izihlalo ezingama-400 apho ungathenga khona yonke into kwizihlangu nakwizincedisi zefashoni ukuya kwientyatyambo kunye nobucwebe.
Uyathanda ukuhamba? Emva koko ndicebisa kuwe khwela encotsheni yeMonte della Guardia. Yinduli enehlathi malunga neemitha ezingama-300 ukuphakama, emazantsi-ntshona eBologna nakufutshane noMlambo iReno. Ukuhamba kumnandi ukulandela njengoko kubandakanya ukuhamba iveranda epheleleyo kwaye emva koko uqalile ukunyuka induli. Ukusuka ngasentla, iimbono ziyamangalisa kwaye kukho nendawo engcwele, leyo yaseMadonna de San Luca, phezulu phaya, elinde wena.
Iiplanga? Ezi ziarches ezisezitratweni zeBologna, iindledlana zendlela, ezigutyungelweyo, ezikhusela abantu kwimvula nakwilanga ezazisetyenziswa nangoku ngabarhwebi ukuseta iindawo zabo zokuthengisa. Ngokulula iyonke iyonke 3.8 yeekhilomitha ze Ivaranda, emazantsi-ntshona esixeko, kwaye nangona uninzi lukho kuyo yonke indawo, le yeyona idume kakhulu, eyona ikusa ngqo kwinduli endithe ndayichaza ngaphambili nakwiimbono zepanoramic. Iiporticoes zibaliwe kwaye i-portico yokugqibela ngama-666.
Ekugqibeleni, isixeko sinekhadi labakhenkethi, i Ikhadi lokwamkela iBologna, kwiinguqulelo ezimbini: LULA kwaye PLUS. Ixabiso lokuqala li-euro ezingama-53 kwaye elesibini ngama-78 eeuros. Ngamafutshane, kufanelekile ukutyelela iBologna nokuba awuyiva igama elininzi phakathi kwabo baya e-Itali kukhenketho.
Iphakathi, intle, intle, ineemyuziyam ezininzi, iimarike kunye neeresityu, ineembono zepanoramic, ineecawa, inezikwere kunye nezikwere ... kwaye hayi abantu abaninzi njengabamelwane bayo.