Esinye sezihloko ezithandekayo ukutyelela eMzantsi Melika ILima, ikomkhulu lasePeru. Yintliziyo yorhwebo noshishino yeli lizwe ukusukela ngamaxesha okoloniyali. Isondele kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki kwaye indibaniselwano entle yembali kunye nenkcubeko.
ILima ihlala isango eliya kweli lizwe kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlale iintsuku ezimbalwa uyindwendwele. Ke ewe, sinokujongana neCusco, Machu Pichu, Nazca kunye nabo bonke ubuhle bayo, ke siyabona namhlanje yintoni ongayibona eLima.
Lima
Isixeko kumazantsi onxweme lomlambo iRímac kwaye ziikhilomitha ezili-13 kuphela ukusuka elwandle, ngakumbi ukusuka kwiZibuko laseCallao. Ngapha koko igama elithi Lima livela kwisiQuechua Rímac. Kwabaninzi, isixeko sihlobo i-oasis phakathi konxweme lwePasifiki kunye neAndes.
ILima inkulu kwaye inabantu abaninzi kwaye iziko kunye nendawo yedolophu yaziwa ngokuba yi-El Pulpo. Apha Ikota yenani lilonke labemi beli ligxile kwaye ngenxa yokusondela kwizibuko, isixeko siye saba sisitshixo kunxibelelwano lwasePeru nehlabathi liphela. Kodwa njengaso nasiphi na isixeko esikhulu Kuyangxola, kumdaka kwaye bathi ngamanye amaxesha kuyadandathekisa.
Isixeko esikhoyo ngoku sidlulela ngaphaya kwendawo yoqobo yesixeko saseSpain. Aboyisi bazinza kuhlobo lwendawo etyibilikayo eyakhiwe kwinzala yeRímac ekhawulezayo esuka kwiAndes, kodwa namhlanje isixeko siyanda ngaphaya kwayo, sisiya ezindulini nasezintlanjeni eziyingqongileyo. Ngapha koko, apho nalapha, olo hlobo lomhlaba, oluphantsi kukhukuliseko lwaselunxwemeni, iinyikima kunye nokuwa komhlaba kumawa kusasongela.
Imozulu yaseLima ishushu, nangona unxweme lwePasifiki kunye nemisinga yalo igcina ubushushu bushushu unyaka wonke. Ebusika inokuba phakathi kwe-16 ne-18 ºC nangaphakathi Ihlobo ukusuka kuma-21 ukuya kuma-27ºC. Umoya womoya oselunxwemeni uvelisa amafu amaninzi Zinzima kwaye zinzima ebusika kunye a ukuqhuma rhoqo okanye gxobhoza, sinokuthi ngokubanzi esixekweni kuyaphola kwaye kufumile ebusika kwaye kushushu kwaye kufumile ehlotyeni.
Lima ineendawo ezininzi, nangona intliziyo ingu ILima endala eyayiqulunqwe yiSpanish ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, inxenye yayivalelwe ngaphakathi kwiindonga zekhulu le-XNUMX. Ijikelezwe emantla ngasemlanjeni nasempuma, emazantsi nasentshona ngeendlela. Kulapho i izakhiwo zobukoloniyali ebaluleke ngakumbi njenge ICathhedral, Ibhotwe lika-Archbishop okanye iTorre Tagle Palace, kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezisusela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX eziye zavuka kwizakhiwo ezindala zekoloniyali eziwe kwiinyikima.
Ngelishwa iindonga zadilizwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, nangona ngandlela-thile ezi zikwere zimbini zihlala ziindawo ekugxilwe kuzo. Ingaba i Plaza de Armas kunye nePaza Bolívar. Ngethamsanqa namhlanje kukho omnye umxholo we-conservatism kwaye izindlu ezindala, ezineebhalkhoni zazo ezenziwe ngomthi, zigcinwa zigcinwa.
Yintoni esinokuyibona kwifayile ye- isithili esidala saseLima? Emantla omlambo yindawo yedolophu yaseRimac ene izindlu ezindala, izitrato ezimxinwa kunye neAlameda de los Descalzos enomtsalane. Iziko lembali li Ilifa leMveli ne kunye nezakhiwo zayo, izindlu ezinkulu ezinee-balconi kunye neecawe zeriphabliki, yifestile yexesha elidlulileyo apho okwangoku kuphuma khona. Luhambo olunyanzelekileyo lokuhamba.
Kwiziko lembali kukho kwakhona IChinatown, ihlala imnandi, i Isitalato iJirón de la Unión, uyayibona ifayile ye- Ukutshintsha konogada kwiNdlu yoRhulumente... I IChedral Kukwalapha, kwiPaza kaSodolophu. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-1535 kwaye kwaphela ngo-1649 kwaye kwanikezelwa ku-Saint John the Apostle. Inezindlu ezili-14, i-facade eneminyango emithathu emikhulu kwaye iye yasinda kwiinyikima ezininzi. Ngaphakathi, phakathi kwamanye amangcwaba, leyo ka UFrancisco Pizarro.
Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ukuba iLima ineyona ndawo ineemyuziyam ezininzi kwilizwe, ke ithi: IMyuziyam kaZwelonke yeArchaeology, iAnthropology kunye neMbali, iMyuziyam yeMbali yeNdalo, i IMyuziyam yeSizwe kunye neMyuziyam yeGolide. I Imyuziyam yaseLarco Yimyuziyam yabucala enikezelwe kubugcisa bangaphambi kweColombia obusebenza kwindlu entle kakhulu yenkulungwane ye-XNUMX eyakhiwe ngokulandelelana, ukuba akunjalo, kwiphiramidi yakudala. Ukuba uthanda iifoto zemfashini kukwakho Imyuziyam yaseMario Testino okanye UMTSHALA, ozinikezele kulo mfoti wezithombe wasePeru.
Eyona ndawo yokuhlala kwesi sixeko liziko, kodwa Kukhe kwenziwa iinguqu ezininzi ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-30s yale nkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Uninzi lwezindlu ezinkulu zahlulwa ukulungiselela iintsapho ezininzi, kwinqanaba lama-50 kwindlu nganye kwaye uninzi lweendawo zangaphakathi zazihlala abantu abasuka emaphandleni kwaye namhlanje ziindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo kakhulu ezinemeko yezempilo engekho mgangathweni.
Ezinye iindawo zedolophu zitshintshile kwaye izindlu ezindala ziguqulwe zenziwa iiofisi, iibhanki kunye nekomkhulu likarhulumente. Ixesha elide ikomkhulu lasePeruvia alizange likhule ngaphaya kweendonga, kodwa kamva, xa uloliwe kunye neitram zavela, zaqala ukwanda ngokunyanisekileyo.
Ummandla osentshona kwizibuko laseCallao waba yindawo yemizi-mveliso, itheku elisemazantsi ukusuka eBarranco ukuya eMagdalena laba yindawo yokuhlala kunye nendawo esempuma, ngaphaya kweVitarte, ukuya kwihlomela ledolophu elixubeneyo phakathi komzi mveliso nodidi olusezantsi.
Ukutyhubela inkulungwane yamashumi amabini iindawo ezincinci eziphakathi kweLima kunye nonxweme zaqala ukumanyana kwaye ke ngoku Amadlelo aseLa Victoria, eLince, eSan Isidro okanye eBreña. Iifama zajika zabangummelwane ematyotyombeni, kwaye ngenxa yoko sinabemi beedolophu ezinkulu zekomkhulu kunye iindawo ezintle kwaye ezintle kunye nezinye ezihlwempuzekileyo.
Yintoni enye esinokuyenza eLima? Ukongeza kwi uhambahamba kwiziko layo lembali y bazi iimyuziyam zayo podemos yenza ukhenketho. Iiyure ezintathu ezinesiqingatha ukusuka eLima ICaral, imvelaphi yenkcubeko yaseAndes.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-5 XNUMX eyadlulayo kwakukho inkcubeko ebalulekileyo njengaleyo yase-Egypt okanye eMesopotamiya. ICaral sisixeko esingcwele esimi embindini weSupe Valley, umhlaba ochumileyo kufutshane nolwandle. Kwakukho iipiramidi, izikwere ezijikelezayo kunye nezakhiwo zezitena.
I-Caral ivuliwe ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesine ukusuka ngo-9 ukuya ku-4 ntambama kwaye ngoLwesihlanu ukuya ngeCawa ukususela ngo-9 ukuya ku-6 ntambama. Nathi sinako ukwenjenjalo yazi uHuaca Pucllana noHuaca Huallamarca, iiphiramidi zobumelwane ezincitshisiweyo ezihleli phakathi kwezinye izakhiwo. Ziyaziwa njenge huacas kwaye basezintliziyweni zabamelwane baseMiraflores naseSan Isidro. Ezi zi-huacas zonqulo zimele inkcubeko yamandulo yaseLima ngaphambi kokufika kwaboyisi.
Nje ukuba umntu ahambe apha, atye okanye atyelele kwiNtengiso yaseIndiya athenge imisebenzi yezandla. Indawo ivulekile yonke imihla ngaphandle kwangoLwesibini ukusuka nge-9 kusasa ukuya kwi-5 ngokuhlwa ukusukela kwi-7 ukuya kwi-10 ngokuhlwa. Kukwakho nenye Ukuhamba ngeendlela nokuhamba, ubumelwane be Miraflores Lihle kakhulu, kwaye ukuba uyaluthanda ulwandle kunye nemidlalo yalo, unxweme lulungile ukusefa, ukukhwela ibhayisikile okanye iparagliding.