Navarra ibonakala isendleleni ye Actualidad Viajes mva nje, kwaye inobuncwane obuninzi bembali, inkcubeko kunye nendalo. Namhlanje sibizwe ngu Imiqolomba yaseZugarramurdi, eminye imiqolomba nodumo lokufihla amagqwirha ...
Imiqolomba, ii-covens, izilingo, ukungcungcuthekiswa kwegazi? Yeyiphi i-cocktail! Ke masingachithi xesha lide kwaye sizazi ezi ndaba zimnandi zivela eNavarra.
IZugarramurdi kunye nemiqolomba yayo
Kuqala eli ligama ledolophu encinci leyo kuluntu oluzimeleyo lwaseNavarra, emantla eSpain. Ihlala imiphefumlo engaphaya kwama-200 kwaye liqela elincinci lezindlu eziphantsi, ezimhlophe ezijikelezwe luhlaza. Nangona igama liphuma kwimvelaphi yaseBasque, abavumelananga ngemvelaphi yayo. Okucacileyo kukuba xa bethetha ngamagqwirha eNavarra, bathetha ngeZugarramurdi.
Le dolophu ikufuphi nomda waseFrance, kwintshona yePyrenees, kunye ziimitha ezingama-400 ukusuka edolophini kukho imiqolomba eyaziwayo. Yimiqolomba yemvelaphi yekarst kwaye eyona ndawo iphambili ekungenwa kuyo namhlanje yafunyanwa kukuhamba kwamanzi, isenamandla, ebizwa ngokuba yiRegata del Infierno, okanye eBasque, U-Infernuko Erreka.
Lo mlambo unqumla emqolombeni unika imilo kwitonela eli-120 leemitha ubude kunye nobubanzi obuphakathi kwe-22 kunye ne-26 yeemitha kwelinye icala kunye ne-12 kwelinye. Ukuphakama kuphakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwi-12 yeemitha. Ayisiyo mngxunya omnye kodwa kunoko a umqolomba ububanzi neegalari ezintathu, ukubala itonela, ukuphakama, ukudibana kwenye.
Kwaye kutheni isaziwa njenge umqolomba wamagqwirha? Ewe, kuba kubonakala ngathi ekugqibeleni kwinkulungwane XVI zenzeka phakathi kwezi ndonga iiholide zobuhedeni kwaye sele siyazi ukuba ubuhedeni abufanelanga iCawa yamaKatolika. Kwandula ke, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe, phakathi kuka-1609 no-1614, kwaveliswa inkqubo yokuncinwa kwamatyala apho abantu abaninzi babetshutshiswa, babanjwa, bagwetywa, bebathwala njengabathakathi. Ngokucacileyo, amadoda athatha inxaxheba kodwa abafazi ngabona babethandwa kakhulu.
Ngokwimbali bekukho i-Auto de Fe ngo-1610, isiphumo sokutyholwa ngobugqwirha rhoqo. Emva koko, kwafika i-Inquisitor Valle-Alvarado kwaye yaqala ukuphanda kwaye ekugqibeleni bekukho abarhanelwa abangama-40 abaya naye eLogroño. I-Inquisition ekugqibeleni yagweba abantu abalishumi elinanye ukuba batshiswe esibondeni. Abafazi abahlanu basweleke ngaphambi komlilo kodwa bebesabekwa apho kumadangatye.
Ngethamsanqa amagama abamelwane ababuhlungu ahleli kwimbali kwaye kukho ipleyiti emnyango wemiqolomba ebakhumbulayo. Yintoni egqithisile rhoqo nge-18 ka-Agasti itheko labizwa zikiro jate, i-agape ezinyaswa ngabantu abamalunga newaka kwaye apho ityiwa khona imvana kwizibonda. Enjani yona inkumbulo!
Imiqolomba ayinayo enye into enomtsalane, ayinazo i-stalagmites okanye i-stalactites okanye imizobo yemiqolomba kodwa zinkulu kwaye amabali e-covens ngawona magnethi abathandayo. Ke kukho indlela ehamba emqolombeni, kodwa nayo kukho enye ebaleka ijikeleze kwaye oku kuyacetyiswa ngoba Ujoyina imiqolomba yaseZugarramurdi kunye ne-Urdazubi / Urdax kunye neSara Caves.
Yaziwa njenge indlela yemiqolomba kwaye zizonke ziikhilomitha ezingama-6, 75. Kukho imiqondiso yokumakisha, ihashe eliluhlaza lizotywe kubo. Ngethamsanqa yindlela elula enqumla kumahlathi kunye namadlelo aluhlaza. Mhle.
Kwelinye icala, ukongeza ulwazi malunga namagqwirha yi Amagqwirha. Imyuziyam isebenza kwisibhedlele esidala sedolophu kunye nomgama omfutshane ukusuka emiqolombeni. Le yindawo yokufunda amagqwirha, iNkundla yamaRoma yokuNcina amakholwa kunye namabali okubawa nomona emva kwawo. Kukho ukwaziswa ngokubanzi kulo mmandla kwaye emva koko i-audiovisual ebizwa ngokuba yi-Hunt for Witch iqikelelwe, ejongene noko kwenzeka ngo-1610.
Umgangatho wokuqala ubalisa ibali likaMaría Ximilegui, omnye wabangcatshi owagxeka ii-covens, nangona wayekade ethathe inxaxheba kuzo. Kumgangatho wesibini sele singena kwiintsomi kunye neentsomi, inani lomntu wamakhambi kunye noluntu lwe-matriarchal olwalulawula apho kwaye aluhambelani nombono weCawa. Ababukeli, imiboniso, yonke into iyahlangana ukuze ufunde lukhulu ngembali kwaye ewe, kunye nobugqirha.
Ngokwenyani ndiyacebisa ukuba undwendwele iMyuziyam yokuqala emva koko emva koko iZagarramurdi Cave. Injongo ye iishedyuli kunye namaxabiso okwenza utyelelo:
- Kuvaliwe ngeMivulo nangooLwezibini ngoSeptemba. Emva koko, ukusuka ngoLwesithathu ukuya ngeCawa kuvulwa nge-11 kusasa ukuya kwi-7: 30 ngokuhlwa. Ukusukela ngo-Okthobha kuyavalwa ngeentsuku ezifanayo kodwa kuvulwa kude kube yi-6 ngokuhlwa kwaye ngeempelaveki kuvulwa nge-11 kusasa ukuya kwi-7 ngokuhlwa.
- Kwibhulorho i-El Pilar, ukusuka nge-12 ukuya kwi-14 ka-Okthobha, ivula nge-11 kusasa ukuya kwi-7 ngokuhlwa. Kwi-Bridge ka-Novemba, ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-4, ivula ngaxeshanye nakwi-Bridge kaDisemba, ukusuka kwi-1 kuye kwi-9, nayo.
- Ukungena kubiza i-4, i-50 euro
Olunye ucezu lolwazi: Kukho izinyuko ngexesha lokhenketho Ke lumka ukuba kwenzeka kuwe ukuba uhambe nabantwana kunye nesitulo esihambahambayo okanye izitulo ezinamavili kuba indawo ayikakulungeli. Ungangeni nezilwanyana zasekhaya. Kwelinye icala, nangona ngokubanzi imiqolomba ivala ngentsimbi yesi 7 ehlotyeni iyavala kamva.
Asikenzi okwangoku: kwi-2013 umlawuli I-Axel de la Iglesia yathatha ifilimu eLas Brujas de Zugarramurdi kunye noCarmen Maura, phakathi kwamanye amagcisa. Iphefumlelwe yi-Auto de Fe ye-1610 kwaye ukuba uyibonile kodwa awuyanga enyameni uye e-Navarra, emiqolombeni yokwenyani, ndiza kukuxelela ukuba indawo enkulu yefilimu yathathwa apha.