13 amathuna eSpain ukuvakashela. Ungakwazi yini ukwenza lolu hlobo lwezokuvakasha? Sengivele ngikholelwa ukuthi, abantu sebehlukanisele abafileyo bethu izindawo ezithile zokuphumula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungabantu noma izilwane, isikhathi eside.
Namuhla ku Actualidad Viajes Sithatha uhambo lwamathuna amakhulu España.
Amathuna aseSpain
Kulolu hambo sizobona amanye amathuna aseSpain aziwa ngomlando wawo kanye nobuciko bemingcwabo. Eziningi ziyingxenye yento eyaziwa ngokuthi Umzila Wamathuna WaseYurophu, inethiwekhi yamathuna evula iminyango yayo yokuvakasha kwamasiko okugcizelela amagugu omngcwabo akhona ezwenikazi, umlando wamadoda nabesifazane obalulekile kulawo madolobha namazwe.
Amathuna esiNgisi eMalaga
IMalaga yidolobha elinomlando wamakhulu eminyaka futhi kube namadolobha amaningi abekula mazwe. Cabanga ngamaFenike, amaByzantium nama-Arabhu, noma ukufika kwamaKristu ngemva kweReconquista ngokuqondile. Kodwa amaNgisi nawo aye aba abantu abakhona emhlabeni wonke eminyakeni yawo yombuso, ngakho eMalaga namuhla kunamathuna amahle amaNgisi.
Wamdala njengommeli wamaNgisi ngo-1830, uma kucatshangelwa isimo esithile esilulazayo ababephathwa ngaso abafileyo ababengewona amaKatolika. Uma ungeyena umKatolika ayengekho amathuna akho, ngakho inxusa laqala ukuthuthela kwelinye elinesonto laseSheshi. Bese kuthi i I-St George's Anglican Cemetery noma, amathuna amaNgisi, amathuna amaProthestani okuqala eSpain.
Amathuna la KuseCañada de los Ingleses, Esikhungweni, ku-Pries Avenue. Wacabanga ngakho njenge-a I-Botanic Park elibhekene nolwandle, ngakho phakathi kwamathuna nezikhumbuzo zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezakhiwo kunezitshalo ezingavamile.
Inemikhakha eyahlukene kanti kwelidala kukhona uxhaxha lwamathuna ambozwe ngamagobolondo, amaningi awo ngawezingane. Kodwa ngaphandle kokungabaza ithuna elaziwa kakhulu kunawo wonke yilelo Robert Boyd, insizwa yase-Ireland ibulawelwe umzamo ongaphumelelanga wegolide lombuso ngokumelene noFerdinand VII.
I-English Cemetery eMalaga ivulwa kusukela ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-2 ntambama, ngoLwesibili kuya ngoMgqibelo. Ukungena okuvamile kubiza ama-euro angu-3.
San Antonio Abad Emathuneni
Amathuna la Ise-Alicante futhi yakhiwa ngekhulu le-19. Iheha ukunakwa kwezakhiwo zayo zesimanjemanje kanye ne-eclectic futhi iyingxenye yalokho okubizwa Umzila WaseYurophu Wamathuna Abalulekile.
I-Alcoy ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyidolobha lezimboni ngokuphelele elidinga amathuna. Kwavulwa umncintiswano wasesidlangalaleni futhi ophumelele kwaba u-Enrique Vilaplana Juliá, onikeza ukuphila kusayithi lapho mNgakho amathuna abukeka njengedolobha, enemigwaqo, izindlela nezihlahla. Umuzi wangempela wabafileyo.
I-San Antonio Abad Cemetery nayo inakho zemibukiso komhlaba ku-perimeter, njengama-catacombs kodwa anomoya omuhle futhi akhanyisiwe. Iphinde ibe namavulandi amathuna obumba futhi kukhona a I-Pantheon of Illustrious Alcoyanos. Ama-paneteons, ngokunembile, imisebenzi yobuciko edume kakhulu emathuneni. Ungavakashela iPantheon yomndeni ka-Agustión Gisbert Vidal, ekaJaime Tort, ekaSalvador García Botí nabanye abaningi.
Ebusika amathuna avulwa ngo-7:30 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ntambama kanti ehlobo kuvalwa ngo-8 ebusuku.
Amathuna Ajwayelekile KaReus
Leli ingcwaba elingaqapheli inkolo yabafileyo. Wayakhelwe ukuba ubeke ukuphumula okuphakade kwanoma yimuphi umufi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unokholo olunjani. Okusho ukuthi, i-a amathuna angewona awehlelo.
Kwakhiwe e 1870 emhlabeni owanikelwa nguJosep Sardà i Cailà, owayenentshisekelo yokungcwatshwa kwanoma yimuphi umuntu, ocebile, ompofu noma wanoma iyiphi inkolo. Naye wangcwatshwa lapha, njengosomabhizinisi nosopolitiki we-Progressive Liberal Party.
Amathuna aseReus Kuyinto neoclassical ngesitayela futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi seliqongelele abaningi imisebenzi yobuciko be-funerary, ngakho namuhla inamathuna athakazelisayo angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingu-13. Ekuqaleni kwakhethwa ukuba kubekwe isithombe sikankulunkulu uCronus ku-façade eyinhloko, nombono wokuthi iyindawo yamathuna angeyona eyehlelo: ukuhamba kwesikhathi, ukufa, ingilazi yehora kanye nesikele. Lesi sithombe sasuswa ngesikhathi sikaFranco, lapho amathuna eba amaKatolika, kodwa indawo yawo yabuyiselwa ngemva kokumiswa kwentando yeningi.
Sekuyisikhathi manje idolobha laseReus likhathazeke kakhulu ngamathuna kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwaleli gugu, ngakho liyagubha. ukuvakasha ebusuku ngoSuku Lwabangcwele Bonke, isibonelo, noma amakhonsathi noma imidlalo yasesiteji yomculo, umdanso noma izinkondlo.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uvakashela amathuna adume kakhulu emathuneni, kanye nama-chapels, ama-pantheons nama-mausoleums. Okungcono kakhulu: the I-mausoleum kaGeneral Prim, isonto lesimanje laseMargenat, ithuna lasePratdesaba, i-Macià Vila pantheon, ithuna leMpi Yombango...
Amathuna avulwa ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-1 ntambama futhi kusukela ngo-3:30 kuya ku-6:30 ntambama. NgamaSonto uwenza kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-5 ntambama.
Amathuna e-Almudena
Ohlwini lwethu lwe 13 amathuna eSpain ukuvakashela Awukwazi ukuphuthelwa i-Almudena Cemetery, enkulu kunazo zonke enhloko-dolobha, Madrid. Itholakala endaweni yaseVentas, esifundeni saseCiudad Lineal, kanye Inamahektha ayi-120 ngakho inkulu kunazo zonke eNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Almudena ngemuva kweNcasakazi yase-Almudena, usanta ongumvikeli waseMadrid, futhi kuwo wonke umlando abantu abangaba yizigidi ezinhlanu baye bangcwatshwa lapha. Le ndawo yavela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 njengendawo yamathuna esikhashana eduze kwendawo ebizwa ngokuthi i-necropolis yasempumalanga eyayisakhiwa ngaleso sikhathi. Kuze kube kwakhiwa amathuna aseNingizimu, bekuwukuphela kwamathuna enhloko-dolobha.
Imizamo yokuqala yokususa amathuna emadolobheni, ngenxa yenkinga ecacile yenhlanzeko, yabonakala ngokungathí sina ngezikhathi zikaJoseph Bonaparte. Ngokusobala iSonto LamaKatolika lalingafuni ukwazi lutho, kodwa ekugcineni alikwazanga ukwenza okuningi.
Ukubukeka kwamanje kwe-Almudena Cemetery kufaka isiginesha kaFrancisco García Nava: isitayela sesimanjemanje esinomoya we-Gaudian kanye ne-secessionist. Namuhla ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu: i-necropolis, isandiso kanye namathuna okuqala. Kukhona futhi izindawo zokungcwaba ezintathu: amathuna omphakathi, amathuna amaHeberu kanye namathuna aseNuestra Señora de la Almudena lapho iNsimu Yesikhumbuzo ikhona.
Amathuna aseCapuchins, eMataró
Kungamathuna omphakathi nawomasipala, okumenyezelwe Impahla Yesiko Yentshisekelo Yasendaweni kanye nengxenye ye Umzila waseYurophu wamathuna. Konke kuqala onyakeni 1817, lapho uFather Guardian weCapuchin Convent ecela umkhandlu wedolobha ukuba wakhe indawo yamathuna engxenyeni engenhla yengadi yesigodlo.
Maphakathi nekhulu le-19, iSanta María Construction Board yaphuca indawo yaseCapuchin futhi yathengiswa njengempahla Kazwelonke. Kusezandleni zomakhi uMiquel Garriga i Roca, ohlela amathuna kuyo yonke indawo.
Amathuna anesitayela se-neoclassical futhi avumelana nesimo sezwe, okuyinto enzima kakhulu. Umklamo wayo une-eksisi emaphakathi, enezitebhisi ezinkulu ezihlanganisa ama-esplanade amabili, zihlele iziqhingi zokungcwaba ohlangothini ngalunye. Kuse-esplanade yokungena lapho i-chapel ikhona, iyindilinga futhi ine-dome, enama-pantheon ahloniphekile.
Phakathi kwalezi, ezithakazelisa kakhulu yilezo zikaFrancesa Lavilla, uJaume Carrau noMarfà-Mesquera.
I-Polloe Cemetery, eSan Sebastián
Kungamathuna kamasipala lokho Isendaweni ephakeme kakhulu yendawo yase-Eguía, eSan Sebastian. Kulawa amathathu umuzi onawo mkhulu. Umlando usitshela ukuthi kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-19, abantu babengcwatshwa emasontweni noma ezindaweni ezizungezile. Kodwa iSimemezelo Sasebukhosini sikaCharles III sathi amathuna kakade kufanele abe ngaphandle kwamadolobha, ngakho lokho kwashintsha izinto.
Ngakho-ke, amathuna kamasipala amasha aqala ukwakheka ngo-1874 futhi yavulwa ngo-1878. Ngo-1921 yayinokukhanya kukagesi futhi kulo lonke ikhulu lama-XNUMX kwenziwa izandiso ezihlukahlukene ezashintsha ukubukeka kwayo. Namuhla unakho cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-60 square metres of surface.
Abantu abaningi abadumile abavela emphakathini wase-Basque baphumula lapha, futhi izikhumbuzo zomngcwabo zihlanganiswe nama-cypresses, amasundu nezihlahla zendiza. Amathuna avuliwe nsuku zonke, phakathi kuka-8 ekuseni no-7 noma u-8pm.
I-Ciriego Cemetery, eCantabria
Ohlwini lwethu lwe Amathuna ayi-13 ongawavakashela eSpain akukho nokushoda amathuna amakhulu ase-Santander, Amathuna aseCiriego. Kusendaweni yegama elifanayo, edolobheni laseSan Román de la Llanilla, eduze noLwandle lwaseCantabrian.
Amathuna ayekhona Idizayinelwe umakhi uCasimiro Pérez de la Riva ngo-1881 futhi yavulwa ngo-1893. EMpini Yombango kwakuyinkundla ye ukudubula okukhulu kwamaRiphabhulikhi, Abaningi babo bangcwatshwe lapha njengoba bengaziwa, nakuba bewazi amagama abo. Namuhla kukhona isikhumbuzo enkumbulweni yakhe kanye monoliths eziningana eziyisikhumbuzo.
Amathuna ane umklamo omise okwesiphambano engxenyeni yayo emaphakathi, enoxhaxha lwemigwaqo nemigwaqo enikeza ukuma kwamabhulokhi amaningana.
I-San Froila Cemetery, eLugo
La mathuna akhona emaphethelweni eLugo, eduze koMzila waseJacobean, ngakho-ke kuyisihluthulelo kuhambo olungcwele lwe umgwaqo Santiago. Iphinde iyingxenye ye I-Euroepos Historical Cemeteries Route.
Iyindawo yamathuna esanda kuqhathaniswa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi yakhiwa ngo-1940 futhi yavulwa ngo-1948, ihlanganisa ingcebo eyigugu yamathuna amadala aleli dolobha, yabe isivalwa futhi yabhidlizwa.
Yaklanywa ngumakhi kamasipala u-Eloy Maquieira ngendlela ecacile isitayela se-rationalist esilinganiselwe. Kunezikhala eziningi zokuzindla, izimbali eziningi, izimila, umuzwa omkhulu wokuthula nokuzwana. Kukhona futhi i-mausoleum ye-neo-Gothic kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19, ingxenye yamathuna amadala.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ngala mathuna amathuna Iqembu laseGarcía Abad, French funerary style kanye Itshe lesikhumbuzo lamasosha abuyiselwe ezweni lawo (evela eCuba nasePhilippines).
Amathuna amasha ase-Igualada
I-Igualada Cemetery Park Yakhiwa phakathi kuka-1985 no-1994 futhi uphethe isiginesha ka-Enric Miralles noCarme Pinós. Iqiniso liwukuthi ihluke kakhulu kwamanye amathuna. Yakhiwe onqenqemeni lwendawo yezimboni ngakho-ke isimo sezwe siyahlukahluka kakhulu.
Isakhiwo silula: indawo yokupaka nokufinyelela, i-chapel, ihhovisi, igumbi lokuhlolwa kwezidumbu, amagumbi okugeza kanye nama-niches. Umcabango wabadwebi bezakhiwo kwakuwukudala “idolobha labafileyo” lapho abaphilayo nabafileyo bezohlanganyela khona, ngakho bacabanga ngendawo yezivakashi, njengenhlangano yesikhathi esedlule nesamanje.
Amathuna ase-Igualada a isibonelo sezakhiwo eziphilayo, ukuhlanganisa umsebenzi ngokwawo endaweni yawo, ngakho lowo umqondo wedizayini enezitebhisi ehlanganisa izakhiwo nokwakheka kwezwe. Yambiwa emgodini, njengohlobo oluthile lwenkwali, ngakho kunamasimu lapho izivakashi zingahamba khona.
I-San José Cemetery, e-Granada
La mathuna atholakala empumalanga yedolobha, endaweni ezungezile ye-Alhambra futhi yakhiwa ngekhulu le-19. Isuka emathuneni aseBarreras, akhiwa ngo-1805 eduze kweSigodlo sase-Alixares, lapho idolobha lihlaselwa ubhubhane lwe-Yellow Fever.
Yakhiwa e-Alhambra ngemva kweSimemezelo Sasebukhosini sika-1787 lapho iNkosi uCarlos III yayala ukuba wonke amathuna akhelwe ngaphandle kwamadolobha. Kodwa kumele kushiwo ukuthi lamathuna Ayizange ibe nokukhula okuhlelekile kodwa yayinesiphithiphithi, ngaphandle kohlelo oluyinhloko ekwandiseni nasekuhlelekeni kwalo.
Kunoma yikuphi i-a Impahla Yezintshisekelo Zamasiko ngoba inamagugu amaningi obuciko bomngcwabo. Ungabe usubuka isakhiwo sayo: ivulandi lokuqala elinamaphempeni omndeni ayigugu kakhulu, inkundla yesibili noma iPatio de los Ángeles, iPatio Yesithathu ngesitayela sothando, igceke le-hermitage, inkundla yeSan Miguel, eyaseSan Cristóbal, indlunkulu yangaphambili. ye-Almunia real de los Alixares, isigodlo saseNasrid, iPatio de San Juan, eseSantiago, eseSan Antonio naseSan Francisco kanye nePatio de las Angustias, isibonelo.
I-Monturque Cemetery, eCórdoba
Kungamathuna kamasipala anezindonga ezimhlophe kanye a ngokuvamile izakhiwo ze-Andalusian. Yiba yingxenye ye- Umzila Wamathuna WaseYurophu kodwa ngokungafani nabaningi babo ayinkulu kakhulu futhi ayinabo ubuciko bomngcwabo obugqamayo. Ihlukile, nokho, ngoba izindlu zemithombo yamaRoma ngakho lokho kwenza kube okungavamile kakhulu.
Ubhadane lwasho ukuthi amathuna kwakufanele anwetshwe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-1885. Kule misebenzi, kwatholakala imithombo yamaRoma ngo-XNUMX, futhi enkulu kakhulu, iThe Great Cistern. Kubonakala sengathi lalisetshenziselwa ukugcina nokukha amanzi emvula futhi liwumcebo oyinhloko wala mathuna aseSpain.
Isikhathi esihle sokuvakashela uSuku Lwabangcwele Bonke, kusukela lapho Kunezinsuku ezikhethekile ezinendikimba yezokuvakasha nokufa. Kushayelwe Munda Mortis futhi ziyizinsuku zamasiko kanye ne-gastronomic ezisakaza ifa lamasiko elihlobene namathuna kanye nalo mkhosi wobuKristu.