Izintaba zihlale ziheha abantu futhi bezilokhu zizungezwe izinganekwane. Izintaba zaseMelika, lezo zase-Asia, lezo ze-Afrika. Yonke imiphakathi yasendulo eyayinentaba eduze yayinikeze indima ethile ekubukeni kwayo komhlaba.
Akekho kubo owayazi, noma kunjalo, ukuthi intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni yayifihlwe ebangeni lezintaba zasendle: iHimalaya. NgesiSanskrit, ulimi olungcwele lwamaHindu nezinye izinkolo, I-Himalaya isho Ukuhlala kweqhwa. Futhi ngumfana, ngaphandle kokuba uphahla lomhlaba oludumile.
Ama-healayas isemngceleni ophakathi kweNdiya neChina futhi idlula eNepal. Lapho ubheka ebalazweni futhi wazi okuthile ngomlando woMhlaba umuntu angacabanga ukuthi amapuleti amabili ama-tectonic ashayana enze i-wide Ikhothamo lentaba elingamakhilomitha angama-2400 ukuthi emzileni wayo kuyehluka ngobubanzi futhi kumise ezinye izintaba ezincane zezintaba.
Ku-himalaya imifula eminingana izalwa, kuhlanganise neGanges ne-Indos, ngakho ngandlela-thile izimpilo zezigidi zabantu zihlobene nalezi zintaba ezinhle. Isimo sezulu sihlukahlukene ngoba uhla lwezintaba lude kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunezingxenye ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo nezingxenye ezibandayo ngempela, ezineqhwa elingapheli.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uhla lwezintaba ludala, awu, lungolokuphila komuntu kepha hhayi olomhlaba. Kuzo enye yezintaba ezincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngokusho kochwepheshe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-70 edlule ipuleti lase-Indo-Australia lalihamba ngokushesha okukhulu (cishe amasentimitha ayi-15 ngonyaka). Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-20 kamuva le nhlangano yavala unomphela iTethys Ocean nokwakheka kwabantu abaphansi kwesembozo sezwekazi futhi kwabangela ukuba izintaba zikhuphuke kunokuba ziwele emanzini.
Kuyamangalisa kepha le nhlangano ayimile futhi ipuleti laseNdiya lihamba kakhulu kangangoba eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyishumi lizoba amakhilomitha ayi-10 lingene e-Asia. Futhi into emnandi ukuthi iyenza amaHimalaya aqhubeka nokukhuphuka ukuphakama ngesilinganiso sama-5 mm ngonyaka. Akuwona umhlaba ofile, kungumhlaba owakhiwe unomphela.
Intaba engaka, iqhwa elingaka, ngaphandle kokungabaza kufanele kube ngaphezu kwendawo enhle. Futhi kunjalo: ngemuva kwe-Arctic ne-Antarctica iyichibi lesithathu ngobukhulu futhi elibaluleke kakhulu leqhwa neqhwa emhlabeni. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kumakhilomitha ayo angama-2400 ubude kukhona izinguzunga zeqhwa eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-15 futhi lokho kusho izinkulungwane zamamitha ayi-cubic wamanzi. Ingasaphathwa imifula namachibi atholakala ezindaweni ezihlukene.
Ichibi elikhulu kunazo zonke eHimalaya yiYamdrokTso, eTibet, enamakhilomitha-skwele angaba ngu-700, kanti eliphakeme kakhulu yiTilicho, eNepal. Ngaphandle kwakho konke lokhu izintaba zithonya isimo sezulu sesifunda esibanzi kakhulu futhi, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yobukhona bayo ukuthi i-Southeast Asia ifudumele kakhulu ngoba ivimbela ukudlula kwemimoya ebandayo evela eningizimu.
AmaHimalaya nenkolo
Kunezindawo eziningi kulezi zintaba ezinokubaluleka kwezenkolo yamaqembu ahlukahlukene. KumaHindu, ngokwesibonelo, amaHimalaya ayisimo samuntu sikankulunkulu u-Himavat, ubaba kaParvati noGanga. KuBhutan Buddhism izintaba zifihla indawo engcwele lapho inkolo yabo yasungulwa khona.
Ku-himalaya kunezinkulungwane zezindela. Ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, eLhasa, inhlokodolobha yaseTibet, yi Indawo yokuhlala yaseDalai Lama. Namuhla, le ndawo ilawulwa yiChina futhi kufanele ucele imvume yokungena, ngaphezu kokucubungula i-visa yaseChina ehambisanayo.
Bheka nje ibalazwe ukuze ucabange lokho lezi zintaba zihlala futhi ngamaqembu amaningi abantu, ngokufana nokwehluka kwazo. Banolimi lwabo, amasiko abo, ukwakhiwa kwabo, amasiko abo, isiko labo, izingubo zabo. Ulwandle lwezinhlobonhlobo.
Izintaba zaseHimalaya neMount Everest
IMount Everest iyintaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni kodwa unodadewabo abade kakhulu lapha. Izintaba zaseHimalaya zihlala eziqongweni eziyisishiyagalolunye kweziyishumi eziphakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni ukuze uthole umbono omuhle ngobukhazikhazi bayo obuphakeme.
Sishilo ngenhla ukuthi ukushayisana kwamapuleti amabili kwakha lolu haba lwezintaba nokuthi njengoba ukwakheka komhlaba kwalezi zingcwecwe kwakungekhona ukuminyana, kwavuka esikhundleni sokucwila olwandle. Kungakho i-Everest iveze ukuthi inelilitye lasolwandle phezulu kwalo elivela ngqo kulolo lwandle lwasendulo.
Sikubiza ngokuthi yi-Everest, ngokufakwa okuthile kwe-Eurocentric, kepha emazweni amabili abelana ngakho anamanye amagama: kubizwa I-Chomolungma yabaseTibet neSagarmatha yabaseNepalese. Kuyingxenye yezintaba zaseMahalangur ezinqamula womabili la mazwe. Eqinisweni, umkhawulo wemingcele udlula ngaphezulu phezulu kwe-Everest.
I-Everest Ingamamitha ayi-8.848 ukuphakama ngaphezu kolwandle futhi njalo ngonyaka iheha amakhulu abagibeli bezintaba abafisa ukufinyelela esicongweni. Uyibonile i-movie i-Everest? Iwuchaza kahle lo mgilingwane, imizwa yawo nezingozi zawo. Hay imizila emibili yokukhuphuka i-EverestEsinye sisondela sisuka eNepal kanti esinye sisuka eTibet. ENingizimu naseNyakatho ngokulandelana.
Umzila wokuqala yiwona ojwayelekile futhi yize ungenzima kangako ngenxa yokuqwala uqobo, kuba nzima isimo sezulu nokuthi senzani emzimbeni womuntu. AmaNgisi angabokuqala ukukhuphuka i-Everest yize bengafikanga phezulu ngaso leso sikhathi futhi bafika kuphela kumamitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-7 wokuphakama. Olunye uhambo ngo-1922 lwakhuphuka lwafika kumamitha angama-8320 lwafaka ingqophamlando ebudlelwaneni phakathi komuntu nentaba.
Umkhankaso wango-1924 kwakufanele kube yiwo ofinyelela phezulu kodwa abagibeli ababili banyamalala futhi isidumbu somunye wabo satholakala kuphela ngo-1999 endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-8155, ohlangothini olusenyakatho. Yonke le mikhankaso ibivela kulolu hlangothi ngoba ngaleso sikhathi iNepal yayinqabela imizamo yohlangothi lwayo. Ngale ndlela, ngokusemthethweni, inani eliphakeme lafinyelelwa ngo-1953: U-Edmund Hillary noTenzing Norgay babe ngabokuqala futhi bakwenza, kulokhu, besebusweni baseningizimu.
Konke lokhu kusuka embonweni, njengoba ngishilo, i-Eurocentric. Iqiniso ukuthi mhlawumbe omunye umuntu weza ngaphambili. AmaShayina uqobo lwawo athi kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX intaba ivela emibhalweni yabo nasemabalazweni.
AmaHimalaya kwezobuciko
Ngobuhle bayo, ngobukhulu bayo, ngobukhulu bayo, amaHimalaya athinte abantu abaningi, kubabhali, abadwebi nokusondela esikhathini, abaqondisi bamafilimu nababhali bama-screen.
Ngakho-ke, sinama-movie I-Everest, iTintin eTibet, Umkhawulo oqondile, izinhlobo eziningana ze- ITomb Raider, Iminyaka Eyisikhombisa eTibet noBrad Pitt, amanoveli i-The Kingdom of the Golden Dragon ka-Isabel Allende noma uKim, kaRudyard Kipling.