Enye yezindawo ezikhanga kakhulu nezihehayo eCambodia yi amathempeli e-angkor, okuyinkimbinkimbi yamatshe ecishe yagwinywa yihlathi elinomswakama, budebuduze nedolobha lamanje le-Siem Reap.
Abaningi bahlambalaza ngamabhishi namabhishi aseThailand kodwa empeleni lokhu amathempeli eCambodia Ziyamangalisa, futhi uma uthanda umlando kanye nemivubukulo, ayikho indawo engcono ongaya kuyo kule ngxenye yomhlaba.
Angkor
I-Angkor yigama elivela eSanskrit, ulimi lwaseNdiya lasendulo okungenani elineminyaka engama-3 500 ubudala. Namuhla kululimi lwenkolo yamaHindu futhi luvela kaningi emibhalweni yamaBuddha.
Idolobha lase-Angkor laliyinhloko-dolobha yoMbuso waseKhmer wasendulo lokho kwachuma phakathi kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX nele-XNUMX nokuthi ngesinye isikhathi kwakuyidolobha elinabantu abaningi. Kusehlathini elinomswakama nelishisayo, eduze kwedolobha lase-Siem Reap, esifundazweni esinegama elifanayo. Kubaliwe izinkulungwane zamathempeliAzimbalwa, futhi kuyahlaba umxhwele ukuzibona zivela phakathi kwamadlelo aluhlaza namasimu elayisi.
Imivubukulo yesimanje isindise abaningi ekunyamalaleni kwabo ngoba endaweni enomswakama futhi enezitshalo eziningi kakhulu, ukuhamba kwesikhathi bekubadla phakathi kwamagatsha, izimpande namaqabunga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-UNESCO ibeke amanxiwa, womabili i-Angkor Wat ne-Angkor Thom, ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwayo njenge Amagugu Omhlaba.
Eminyakeni engaphezu kweyishumi eyedlule nangosizo lwezithombe zesathelayithi kutholakele lokho I-Angkor kwakuyidolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke langaphambi kwezimboni emhlabeni, enamathempeli nezindawo ezisemadolobheni nxazonke, enoxhumano lwamanzi lwesibalo sabantu kanye nokukhipha izindawo ezisendaweni lapho izikhukhula ziyinsakavukela yosuku.
Kubukeka sengathi cishe ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa u-Angkor Wat wayengasashiywa ngokuphelele, njengoba kuvezwe ngumhloli wamazwe wasePutukezi noma izindawo zaseJapan kuleyo ndawo, nokuthi nangekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye amanxiwa ayaziwa ngabantu bendawo futhi akhonjiswa kwabambalwa baseYurophu ababekhona. Futhi babehlaba umxhwele kangako Imisebenzi yokubuyisela iqale ekuqaleni komhla wama-XNUMX ngesandla neqembu labantu baseFrance.
Imisebenzi iqhubeke amashumi amaningi eminyaka futhi bekuwumsebenzi omkhulu, ngakho-ke basanda kuqeda ekupheleni kuka-1993. Ubuwazi ukuthi amanye amathempeli ahlukaniswa ngamatshe futhi ahlanganiswa kabusha ezisekelweni zikakhonkolo, ngokwesibonelo? Umphumela uyancomeka yingakho eminyakeni yamuva nje inani lezivakashi selikhule kakhulu futhi amahhotela nezindawo zokudlela seziqalile ukubonakala ezindaweni eziseduze.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lapho izivakashi eziyizigidi ezimbili ngonyaka Futhi lokho kuningi kusayithi lasendulo lase-Angkor. Ngeshwa inkinga ibingakaxazululwa.
Vakashela amathempeli e-Angkor
Okokuqala kufanele wazi ukuthi kufanele uthenge ipasi, i- I-Angkor Pass, ukuvakashela amathempeli e-Angkor Archaeological Park. Ungayithenga emnyango omkhulu noma emgwaqweni oya e-Angkor Wat. Kukhona ukudlula kosuku olulodwa, kwezinsuku ezintathu nezinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Zisetshenziswa ngezinsuku ezilandelanayo.
Isayithi kuvulwa kusukela ngo-5 ekuseni kuye ku-6 ntambama Kepha ezinye izindawo zinezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zokuvala, ngakho-ke kulula ukwazi kusengaphambili ukuthi yimaphi amathempeli ongafuni ukuwaphuthelwa nokwazi amahora awo ngaphambi kokuqala. Ngisho, ezinye izindawo zinethikithi elihlukile, njengoBang Melea noma uPhnom Kulen.
Ngokuyinhloko ngokuvakasha I-Angkor Wat, i-Angkor Thom, Bakong, Baksei Chamkrong, Banteay Samre, Bayon Temple, Preah Ko, Terrace of the Elephants, noPhnom Kulen, ukubala nje izindawo ezimbalwa. Indawo ibanzi, wamakhilomitha namakhilomitha, futhi amaningi akhona izakhiwo zethempeli ngaphezu kwethempeli nje.
Angkor Wat Kuyinto enhle kakhulu futhi abaningi bacabanga ukuthi isendaweni ephakeme yamaPiramidi aseGibhithe. Itholakala ngamakhilomitha ayisithupha enyakatho yedolobha lase-Siem Reap naseningizimu ye-Angkor Thom. Ungangena kuphela ngesango lasentshonalanga.
Yakhiwa engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-XNUMX futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi imisebenzi yathatha amashumi amathathu eminyaka. Kuyinto ithempeli elinikezelwe kunkulunkulu uVishnu y Yithempeli elikhulu kunawo wonke enkingeni futhi eligcinwe kahle kakhulu. Kukholakala ukuthi yithempeli lomngcwabo weNkosi uSuryavarman III, futhi eyi- umfanekiso omncane wosayizi wendawo yonke lapho umbhoshongo ophakathi nendawo umele intaba yenganekwane yaseMeru, enkabeni yomkhathi. Inkulu futhi uyalahleka emahholo ayo, emibukweni, ezinsikeni zayo, emapalweni nasemiphemeni.
Angkor Thom kwakuyinhloko-dolobha yokugcina yoMbuso WamaKhmer. Kwakungoyedwa umuzi obiyelweyo lapho kwakuhlala khona izikhulu, izikhulu nezindela. Okwenziwe ngokhuni kwanqotshwa yisikhathi kepha amatshe esikhumbuzo asekhona: phakathi kwamathempeli angaphakathi kwezindonga zawo kukhona Ithala lezindlovu, iBayon, ithala leNkosi King Leper noma iTep Pranam, Ngokwesibonelo. Kukhona neRoyal Palace.
IBayon iphakathi nendawo, amamitha ayi-1500 ukusuka ekungeneni eningizimu. Yakhiwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX futhi namuhla izungezwe ihlathi elicinene. Yakhiwa ngekhulu leminyaka ngemuva kwe-Angkor Wat. Umbhoshongo unobuso obuyizinkulungwane ezimbili obuqoshwe etsheni, bumamatheka kancane. Ayinalo udonga oluzungezile futhi inamazinga amathathu alula. Futhi e-Angkor Thom kukhona iTerrace Yezindlovu, enezithombe zezilwane ezilawulwa ngamakhosana nezinceku.
Uma uvakashela i-Angkor Thom engena ngesango laseningizimu ungama bese nihlangana endleleni Baksei Chamkrong. Ukwakhiwa nokuhlobiswa kwaleli thempeli elincane kuhle futhi kungabongwa njengoba uhamba kulo. Ungakhuphukela eCentral Sanctuary usebenzisa izitebhisi ezisenyakatho ezaqala ngekhulu le-XNUMX. I-Banteay Samre.
Yithempeli elitholakala cishe emamitheni angama-400 empumalanga yeBaray futhi kungcono ukungena kusuka empumalanga. Iqala maphakathi nekhulu le-XNUMX futhi inikezelwe kuVishnu. Ingenye yezakhiwo eziphelele kakhulu e-Angkor futhi ibuyiselwe kahle kakhulu yize ingenakho ukunakekelwa okuthile.
U-Preah Ko KuseRoluos, phakathi kweLolei neBakong. Yakhiwa ngekhulu le-XNUMX futhi inikezelwe kuSiva. Ithempeli lomngcwabo labazali beNkosi King Indravarman I, elinohlelo lwesikwele olunezindonga nemibhoshongo. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ngingaqhubeka ngiqambe amathempeli ngoba inkimbinkimbi inkulu. Ngakho-ke, ngubani omuhle nokuthi ngokombono wami ufanele umsebenzi wangaphambilini ngaphambi kokuhlangana naye, ngaphandle kwalokho ubeka engcupheni yokulahlekelwa izinto ezinhle.
Bhalisela ukuvakasha? Mhlawumbe hhayi umqondo omubi. Ithempeli ngalinye likhethekile kepha kungenzeka ukuthi emva kwesikhashana bonke babonakale befana kuwe, njengoba kwenzeka uma uvakashela izinqaba, iminyuziyamu noma amasonto, ngakho-ke cwaninga ngaphambi kokuyobhala izintandokazi zakho.