Uma uthanda amadolobha asendulo indawo enhle yokuzilibazisa IBuitrago del Lozoya, budebuduze neMadrid nangayo yonke intelezi yamakhulu eminyaka edlule. Iqiniso ukuthi iSpain inamadolobhana amaningi amadala futhi amahle ajabulela intshisekelo yamasiko futhi amema ukuthi avakashelwe.
Namuhla-ke siya ezinyaweni zeSierra de Guadarrama, ukuze sazi lo masipala osisekelo sawo esilahlekile ngesikhathi futhi osinika sona, ngaleso sizathu, amagugu amasiko.
IBuitrago del Lozoya
Umzana ingeyomphakathi waseMadrid, okwesithathu ngenani labantu futhi okokuqala ngobuningi babantu njengoba kuqukethe inhlokodolobha kazwelonke. Umfula iLozoya udlula eduze, uzungeze idolobha futhi upende indawo efanayo ehlala izintaba ezinamagquma nezicijile, cishe ezingenazo iziqongo kanye namahlathi e-holm oak, beech ne-oki. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, iposikhadi enhle futhi enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu esizibonayo eduze neMadrid.
Ukusungulwa kwedolobha, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, akwaziwa impela kepha ezinye izinkomba zomlando ziyakhuluma ngazo imvelaphi yamaRoma okungashiywanga netshe lalo. Azikho izinsalela zasendulo kusukela ngaphambi kokutholwa kweReconquest, kepha ngokungangabazeki iBuitrago ithi ikhona ngezikhathi zika-Alfonso VI, ngasekupheleni konyaka we-1000.
Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakhiwa izakhiwo zokuqala zalokho okwakuzoba yindawo yasemadolobheni yaseBuitrago, endaweni ephakeme esejika lomfula, phakathi kwamachibi amabili, maphakathi nesigodi, phakathi kwamamitha ayi-860 no-1200 ngaphezulu izinga kusukela olwandle.
Ngu-Alfonso VI oyalela leli dolobha elisanda kuzala ukuba ligcwalise le ndawo futhi yingakho eyinika amandla nengubo yezingalo. Kamuva, lezi zindawo zazizodlulela ezandleni zomndeni wakwaGonzález de Mendoza ngoku-oda kuka-Enrique II, futhi ekugcineni babezoba ngabaphathi besihloko esithi Dukes of the Infantado. Kepha linjani idolobha laseBuitrago del Lozoya?
Kahle inengxenye endala, okuthiwa villa, okuyingxenye engenhla yalokho okuphakathi kwendawo ebiyelwe ngodonga futhi okungenzeka kube kusukela ngesikhathi sokubusa kwama-Arabhu. Kepha incane, ngakho-ke njengoba iBuitrago yayisendleleni ebalulekile yokuthuthwa kwabantu, kufanele ukuthi yagcwala kungekudala. Ngakho-ke kwavela izindawo ezingaphandle, enye osebeni lomfula, ebizwa nge-Andarrío, kanti enye ohlangothini lwaseningizimu olwaziwa ngokuthi iSan Juan.
Lo mklamo wasemadolobheni, ofaka izifunda eziningana, siyabona nanamuhla. Ukwakhiwa okuyigugu kakhulu noma okucebe kakhulu kusukela ngesikhathi lapho umndeni wakwaMendoza uthole amandla, okungukuthi ngekhulu leshumi nanhlanu neshumi nesithupha leminyaka. Ngemuva kokuncane idolobha lalizoshintsha kuze kufike ukuhlasela kukaNapoleon okwakushisa izindonga nengaphakathi lakhona. Okufanayo, maqondana nokubhujiswa nokunganakwa, bekuzokwenza ikhulu lamashumi amabili, ikakhulukazi ngeMpi Yombango.
Ngo-1931 ekugcineni indawo ebiyelwe ngezindonga yamenyezelwa Isikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke futhi kusukela ngo-1993 kucatshangelwa sonke isikhungo esinomlando Ezomlando - Ubuciko Complex futhi okuhle ngentshisekelo yamasiko.
Yini ongayibona eBuitrago del Lozoya
Izinto zokuqala kuqala: indawo ebiyelwe ngodonga Iyiparele lemvelaphi yamaSulumane eyadlula ngekhulu le-XNUMX futhi, ngenhlanhla, eyakhiwe kabusha. Udonga hamba amamitha ayi-800 futhi uye izindlela ezimbili zokuhamba, omunye uphakeme omunye uphansi. Indlela yokuhamba ephansi ihambisana nomfula futhi ingamamitha amabili ubukhulu futhi ingaphansi kwamamitha ayisithupha ukuphakama. Ayinalutho, hhayi umbhoshongo, kanye nezinye izibambo.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, umgwaqo ophakeme ugijima ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga naseningizimu yodonga. Ungamamitha ayi-16 ubukhulu kwezinye izindawo futhi ngokwesilinganiso amamitha ayisishiyagalolunye ukuphakama. Lona unayo umsele, imibhoshongo, umbhoshongo, alcazar, umgabazi futhi coracha. Kusukela namhlanje, imibhoshongo ifike cishe ngokuphelele, ye-barbican kuphela isigaba esinemibhoshongo ethile esele, yomsele ngokufanayo kodwa kuyadingeka ukugqamisa isimo esihle kakhulu sokongiwa kwe igobolondo, enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu kulo lonke izwekazi.
Okwesibili yi IBuitrago Castle. Ekuqaleni inqaba, isakhiwo sokwakha esisibonayo siyi- IsiGothic - Mudejar futhi isukela ekhulwini le-XNUMX. Inendawo yokubukisa enhle enkabeni, umklamo ongunxande nemibhoshongo eyisikhombisa emikhulu ehlukile komunye nomunye. Ngaphandle kwenqaba, lesi sakhiwo sasisebenza njengesigodlo, ngakho-ke ingaphakathi laso linemininingwane ethile esezingeni ophahleni nopulasitela.
Umndeni wakwaMendoza, wona, wanika leli dolobha izakhiwo ezibalulekile. Enye yazo yi- I-Forest House, indlu yokuzilibazisa yomndeni esukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa futhi ilingisa izindlu zendabuko zase-Italy. Namuhla sisesimweni esibi kakhulu futhi kufanele uhambe amakhilomitha amabili ngaphandle kwedolobha ukuze usibone kodwa sinento yaso. Futhi babephethe i ISonto LaseSanta María del Castillo, kusukela ngonyaka ka-1321.
Ithempeli elilula elinenkaba eyodwa kepha umbhoshongo walo uphakeme futhi usesitayeleni seMudejar. Namuhla kukhona okuncane okukuqala kwaleli sonto, i-façade, ezinye izindonga nombhoshongo, njengoba lashiswa ngesikhathi seMpi Yombango. Konke kubuyiselwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi i I-Arrabal Bridge owela umfula futhi uxhuma indawo ebiyelwe ngodonga nesifunda esidala sase-Andarrío. Wayazi ukuthi angasebenza kanjani njengomsele wamanzi futhi ucishe ube ngaphansi.
Ekugcineni, singakhuluma ngakho Umnyuziyamu wePicasso. Umgundi wezinwele, naye ongumngani, ubedabuka eBuitrago futhi unikele ngeminye yemisebenzi yakhe edolobheni. Umnyuziyamu uvulwe ngo-1985 futhi unemisebenzi engama-60 ehlanganisa imidwebo, izinto zobumba kanye nemibhalo. Namuhla inikeza izinkambo eziqondiswa mahhala kuyo yonke imibukiso yayo yesikhashana. Lokhu kungamaSonto, ngaphandle kuka-Agasti, ngo-12 emini.
Kepha iBuitrago del Lozoya yaziwa nangayo imikhosi yenkolo ngakho-ke ithuba elihle lokuzulazula ngokuncane Amakhilomitha angama-75 ayihlukanisa neMadrid kungamaholide.
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80, omakhelwane bahlele ukuthandwa Ukuphila Belen lapho abantu abangaphezu kwama-200 babamba iqhaza futhi izigcawu eziningi ziphinda zenziwe ezindaweni zomlando wedolobha. Lokhu selokhu kwaheha abantu abaningi ngakho sekube yi- umcimbi omkhulu wabavakashi.
Kukhona futhi Corpus Christi, imikhosi ka-Our Lady of the Assumption kanye noMkhosi weSan Roque. Idolobha liphinde lihlele imibala emibalabala ukulingana kwangenkathi ephakathi kusukela ngo-2001. Kwenzeka ngempelasonto yokuqala kaSepthemba kanti izinkulungwane zabantu ziyakhumbula okwedlule kanye nemikhuba yakhona. Konke kugxile kumculo, i-gastronomy, indawo yaseshashalazini kanye nezitebele ezibekwe kuleyo migwaqo yakudala.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha ayikhulu ukusuka eMadrid unentelezi yedolobha okufanele uyazi.