Omunye weminyuziyamu enhle kakhulu yemivubukulo emhlabeni yi Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, eyaziwa kangcono njengeCairo Museum. Ukuvakashela kuleli lizwe lase-Afrika akunakupheleliswa, nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngaphandle kokuvakashela amahholo angapheli alesi sakhiwo sasendulo enhlokodolobha yaseGibhithe.
Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi abaseYurophu, amaFulentshi, amaNgisi, amaJalimane, abaseBelgium nabanye bathathe izinsalela nezinto eziningi (futhi abaningi abakazibuyisi), ngenhlanhla iqoqo lomnyuziyamu liyaqhubeka nokukhanya ngaphezu kwezinto eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-120 eziboniswayo kungabalwa ezinye izinkulungwane eziyigugu ezinqolobaneni zayo ezicebile. Isimo sezepolitiki ezweni asikakaxazululwa yingakho ezokuvakasha zingakanconywa kakhulu okwamanje, kepha noma ngabe ulinga noma uhlela phambili, kubheke lokhu amathiphu wokuvakashela nokujabulela iMnyuziyamu yaseCairo.
UMnyuziyamu Wezinto Zakudala ZaseGibhithe
Kuyinto umnyuziyamu wombuso elakhiwa ngo-1835 kodwa amaqoqo alo okuqala ahanjiswa ngo-1855 ku-Archduke Maximilian I wase-Austria futhi namuhla awekho eGibhithe kodwa aseMnyuziyamu Wezamasiko eVienna. Ngakho-ke, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-50s yalelo khulu leminyaka kwasungulwa umnyuziyamu omusha kodwa ngenxa yezikhukhula eziqhubekayo zeNayile, yayiseduze nogu, kwakudingeka idluliselwe eGiza lapho yahlala khona kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX idluliselwe endaweni yayo yamanje. eTahrir Square.
ICairo Museum, njengoba yaziwa kakhulu, yaklanywa ngesitayela se-neoclassical ngu-Marcel Dourgnon no Inezitezi ezimbili eziyinhloko ezine- amakamelo ayi-107 esewonke ngengcebo esukela ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando kuye esikhathini samaRoma, yize kunjalo konke kugxile enkathini kafaro. Kuze kube maphakathi nawo-90s, abasebenza emnyuziyamu babephethe ukuvala iminyango ebusuku nokwenza imizuliswano yezokuphepha, kepha ngenxa yokuphangwa ebusuku iziphathimandla zanquma ukubeka ama-alamu nemitshina. Ngasikhathi sinye uhlelo lokukhanyisa lwaluvuselelwa futhi kwafakwa amalambu akhethekile ngaphezulu kweminye imibukiso.
Ngesikhathi sokuvukelwa kombuso ngo-2011 umnyuziyamu wahlaselwa, kwebiwe izinto kwalimala izidumbu ezimbili. Ukuze kugwenywe ukulahleka okuqhubekayo, iqembu lezishoshovu likwazile ukwakha uchungechunge lomuntu esakhiweni.
Yini ongayibona eMnyuziyamu waseCairo
Umnyuziyamu, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, linezitezi ezimbili ezinkulu nengadi ukuthi ngincoma ukuvakashela ngaphambi kokungena. Kule nsimu uzothola ithuna lika-Augusto Mariette, isazi semivubukulo esingumFulentshi esashona ngo-1881, umsunguli woMnyango Wezinto Zakudala waseGibhithe kanye nomhloli wamazwe okhaliphile owaveza ingcebo eminingi yaseGibhithe lakudala. Lezozikhukhula zeNayile esikhuluma ngazo nazo zacekela phansi imibhalo yakhe namanothi kanye nezinsuku zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe zanikezelwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi iFrance ayilahlekelwa amalungelo e-England emkhakheni wezinto zakudala waseGibhithe.
Ngempela, uMariette wangcwatshwa kwisarcophagus ezingadini zemnyuziyamu, ngaphansi kwesihlahla nange- I-arch yamabhasi ekhumbuza izazi ezinhle kakhulu zase-Egypt: UChampollion, uMaspero noLepsius, phakathi kwabanye. Insimu ayinakho okunye okuhehayo, kepha ngikuthola kujabulisa ukuvakashela ithuna ngifunde indaba yokuthi ngubani owasiza kakhulu ekubumbeni isigcinamagugu. Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, iphansi lomuziyamu lisilindile.
Imibukiso esezansi phansi ihlelwe ngokulandelana kwesikhathi ngokwewashi bese uqala ehholo. Igumbi lama-43, i-atrium emaphakathi, lineqoqo le-motley lezinto zaseGibhithe: ukubaza okumele UFaro Narmer nemiqhele yaseGibhithe Eliphezulu nangaphansi osukela ku-3100 BC nokuthi lokho kochwepheshe kumele inyunyana yokuqala yale mibuso emibili, ukudwetshwa kwe UFaro Menkaure (Igumbi 47, maphakathi), i- Isifanekiso seKhafre (bobabili abasolwa ngokwakha amaphiramidi amabili kwamathathu aseGiza), odumile Isifanekiso sikaKa-Aper, ngokhuni olumnyama olunamehlo ethusi, i-rock crystal ne-opaque quartz (isithombe esiphezulu, Igumbi 42, uPhahla 40), kanye isithombe esidumile sombhali ohlezi phansi, ku-limestone (Igumbi 42, uPiece 44).
Futhi kuyisitezi esingaphansi kodwa eGumbini lama-32 yisithombe esivelele sezicukuthwane ezinhle zezikhulu Zobukhosi Bama-IV kanye isithombe sikaSeneb, umbusi omncane, nomndeni wakhe (Ucezu 39). KuRoom 37, oyifaka ngeGumbi 32, uzobona ifenisha evela ethuneni leNdlovukazi uHeteferes, umama kaCheops njengebhokisi lakhe lobucwebe, umbhede noma isihlalo lapho ayethwelwe khona. Egumbini elingakwesokudla uzobona abadumile ikhanda le-nefertiti, unkosikazi omuhle ka-Akhenaten noma u-Amenophis IV, lowo faro owenza inguquko yezenkolo ngokusungula u-Aten njengowukuphela kukankulunkulu.
Imibukiso esitezi sokuqala ihlelwe ngamaqembu afanayo. futhi awudingi ukulandela i-oda eliqondile ukuze ubathande. Nayi i- I-Tutankhamen Galleries, eGumbini 45, elinomfanekiso wokuthi ithuna nezicucu ezingaphakathi kwalo zitholakale kanjani Masikhumbule ukuthi ithuna likaFaro, lisencane kodwa lishadile futhi linezingane, latholwa nguWoward Carter ngo-1922. Ngaphakathi kwakukhona izinto ezingama-3000 kufaka phakathi ezidumile Isifihla-buso sokufa, isihlalo sobukhosi, amagugu kanye nebhokisi lasebukhosini. Konke kungathintwanga amakhulu eminyaka. Ubuhle.
Kukhona futhi i- Igumbi lamaNdlovukazi aseRoyal nezindlovukazi nofaro kusukela ngekhulu le-945 kuya kwele-1660, (phakathi kuka-XNUMX no-XNUMX BC). Kumele khokha okungeziwe ukungena futhi kuyabiza kepha ngeke ufike lapha ungakubonanga, akunjalo? Kunjalo Izidumbu ezingama-27 isiyonke, ezinye zigcinwe kahle kakhulu, zinamazinyo, izinwele nezinzipho. Kuhle.
Imininingwane ewusizo yokuvakashela iMnyuziyamu yaseCairo
- Indawo: Midan al-Tahrir, eDowntown Cairo.
- Ungafika kanjani lapho: ngemetro, yehla esiteshini saseSadat bese ulandela izimpawu zomnyuziyamu. Ngebhasi cela u-abdel minem-ryad.
- Amahora: umnyuziyamu uvulwa nsuku zonke phakathi kuka-9 ekuseni no-7 ntambama kanti ngesikhathi seRamadam uvulwa kuze kube ngu-5 ntambama.
- Intengo: Izindleko zokungena okujwayelekile i-LE 4 yezakhamizi zase-Egypt ne-LE 60 yabangaphandle. Ukungena kweHholo lamaMama kubiza i-LE 100. Kukhona izephulelo zabafundi baseGibhithe nabangaphandle abaphethe ikhadi elidumile le-ISIC.
- Emnyuziyamu kukhona indawo yokudlela, iposi, isitolo sezipho, umtapo wezincwadi kanye nomnyuziyamu wezingane. Imihlahlandlela yomsindo ngesiFulentshi, isi-Arabhu nesiNgisi ingaqashwa nge-LE 20, esitodlwaneni esise- ifoya. Kukhona ikheshi lalabo abangakwazi ukusebenzisa izitebhisi.
- Izithombe azivunyelwe futhi amakhamera kufanele akhonjiswe emnyango.