I-Los imvunulo yesintu batolika amasiko, amasiko, konke okuphathelene nezwe nabantu balo, amasiko alo, inkolo yalo, isisu salo, umculo walo. Singathuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sengeze inqubekela phambili, okusunguliwe, ukuthi iminyaka inesisindo emhlane wezizwe, kepha imvunulo ejwayelekile izohlala ikhona ukusikhumbuza okwedlule, imvelaphi, umlando. Singobani nokuthi sivelaphi.
Kungakho-ke imvamisa kungekho eyodwa imvunulo ejwayelekile futhi, esimweni sanamuhla, sihlangabezana nezinguqulo eziningana ze- imvunulo ejwayelekile ye-Oaxaca.
Oaxaca
Esifundeni esiseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeMexico yisifundazwe sase I-Oaxaca, indawo enabantu abaningi bomdabu. Empeleni kukhona amaqembu ezinhlanga eziyi-16 futhi kuyamangaza ukuthi amasiko abo amaningi kangaka asindile.
Izintaba, imifula, imihume, imihume, konke lokhu kuveza ukuma kwezwe. Izwe lesimo sezulu esihlukahlukene futhi eline- ukwehlukahlukana okukhulu. Ngenxa yabantu abaningi bomdabu kanye nekoloni laseSpain izwe lokuvumelanisa ngokwenkolo.
I-Oaxaca igubha bonke abangcwele, kepha umkhosi omuhle kunayo yonke ungoDisemba 18, idili labaphathi beVirgen de la Soledad. Ngokusobala, zikhona ezinye izintombi nazo ezigujwa kakhulu.
Imvunulo ejwayelekile evela e-Oaxaca
Enye yezingubo ezijwayelekile ezithandwa kakhulu zase-Oaxaca yilezo zeTehuana, leso sitayela umculi asenze saziwa kakhulu Frida khalo. Kuyimvunulo yabesifazane besizwe samaZapotec, abantu ababehlala esiqhingini saseTehuanpetec. Yilapho kwaqala khona isudi, okwathi kamuva yandisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo futhi ibonakala emikhosini eminingi namuhla, yize isikhathi sihamba nokuguqulwa okuqhubekayo okwenziwe yikho.
Kukhona ingubo yansuku zonke: iqukethe i-rabona, isiketi eside, esinemifekethiso futhi senziwe nganoma iyiphi indwangu. Kukhona I inguqulo enhle kakhulu lapho kufakwa khona i-olán emhlophe evela kwenye indwangu. Injani i- isigamu se-gala suit kwekhanda iba ebalulekile. Uma owesifazane eshadile, usebenzisa intambo yomhlahlandlela wezimbali ngakwesokudla futhi uma engashadile kodwa efuna indoda, ngakwesobunxele.
La inguqulo ye-gala Okufanele sekuvele kunamacici, i-petticoat kanye ne-classic uphil lokho esikubona emazweni amaningana aseLatin America. Izinwele zifakwa kuma-braids aneminsalo nohlamvu lwemali ekhanda. I-huipil inkulu futhi ingagqokwa ngezindlela ezimbili: uhlangothi oluncane lusetshenziselwa imikhosi futhi uhlangothi olukhulu lusetshenziselwa ukuhamba noma ukudansa. Kukhona enye inguqulo ecwengwe nangaphezulu eyaziwa ngokuthi Umphathi wobuphathi lapho kuvela khona umphetho wesibungu owenziwe ngegolide futhi okuvela ngesikhathi sikaPorfirio Díaz.
Kamuva, engxenyeni eseningizimu yezigodi ezimaphakathi zombuso, okuthiwa imvunulo ye-chenteña. Ukuhlanganiswa komdabu nokwamakholoni, lapha sinesiketi sikakotini esenziwe ngombala ogqamile, nesibhantshi sikakotini esihlotshiswe kakhulu ngaphambili, sibi kakhulu ngetshali elimnyama.
Edolobheni laseCoyopetec, esigodini sase-Oaxaca, i imvunulo ye-coyotepec: indwangu iyabukeka futhi i-huipil, okuyinhlangano ejwayelekile kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ifekethisiwe entanyeni futhi yenziwa ngokotini omhlophe. Itshali limnyama futhi lisonga ikhanda njengesigqoko.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, eSierra Mazateca, i-huipil inemifekethiso yangaphambili enezitishi ezinesiphambano ngemibala egqamile. Imifekethiso ivamise ukuba yezimbali nezinyoni zendawo. Kukhona namaribhoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka abomvana futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngezansi kwe-huipil kukhona ipitikoti elihlotshiswe ngemihlobiso ebomvu. Abesifazane bahlanganisa izinwele zabo ngamagoda amabili futhi uma bedansa benza kanjalo ngomuthi osezandleni zabo ogcwele amacembe ezimbali abawalahlayo.
Enye imvunulo enhle ejwayelekile yi- imvunulo ye-malacatera evela kuJamiltepec. Ibizwa kanjalo ngoba noma ngubani owenzayo usebenzisa amawinji ukuphotha ukotini. Idayiwe nge-lilac futhi ibomvu futhi amantombazane agqoka uchongo ekhanda lapho kufakwa khona izinalithi ze-winch.
Ku ugu lwesiqhumane saseTehuanteepec Isizwe samaHuave siyaphila. Kuyashisa kakhulu lapha ngakho i-huipil yakudala ilula, Isiketi yinde futhi iphrintiwe ngezimbali futhi zine-tangle ebomvu. Kude nolwandle, ku-mixteca sierra, kukhona isudi ye-triqui. Lapha i-huipil yinde futhi ibomvu futhi inemifekethiso eminingi. Abesifazane baluka izinwele zabo zibe eluka olulodwa oluhlotshiswe ngamakhekhe, futhi imigexo eminingi enemibala ilenga ezintanyeni zabo.
Kuze kube manje sibize ezinye zezingubo ezijwayelekile ze-Oaxaca ezikhona, kepha zonke bezingezabesifazane. Kuthiwani ngemvunulo ejwayelekile yendoda evela e-Oaxaca? Yebo, kukhona futhi okuningana, kepha kusobala ukuthi kumayelana nezingubo okulula kakhulu. Imvamisa yakhiwa izikhindi, ihembe, izimbadada, kwesinye isikhathi izigqoko zoboya noma zesundu.
Iqiniso ngukuthi ngaphandle kwamasudi amaningi esewonke, okufana kakhulu kuyalondolozwa: the uphil. Imfishane, inde, ifekethisiwe kakhulu, ifekethisiwe kancane, futhi inokusetshenziswa okuningi njengoba kwenzelwa nsuku zonke noma imicimbi ebucayi efana nemishado noma imingcwabo. yebo, iba nombala ngokwengeziwe emaphathini lapho kunemidanso khona.
Ngicabanga ukuthi noma yikuphi kwalezi zingubo kuyindlela yokufaka umbala nokudlala. Bahle futhi ukubabona esiteji, emidansweni nasemigidini, kuyintokozo emehlweni. Ngokusobala, uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthatha uhambo oluya eMexico, ukuthenga i-huipil kuhlale kuyinkumbulo enhle yokuzidela kwakho. Inkumbulo enhle nengubo ezokweba wonke amehlo endleleni eya ekhaya.