AbasePhilippines baziwa njengabahlali ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba ngoba babhekwa njengonwabu… bazivumelanisa kalula nezimo ezahlukahlukene abangazithola bekuzo. Bakhula ukuze baphile, bayazi ukuthi ukusinda kuyini.
IRiphabhlikhi yasePhilippines yaqanjwa njengegama lokuhlonipha iNkosi uPhilip II waseSpain ngo-1543. AbasePhilippines badabuka engxenyeni eseningizimu ye-Asia. Kunemvelaphi evela eChina, eNdiya, e-United States naseSpain, abantu abashade nabasePhilippines ngakho-ke kunenhlanganisela enkulu yamasiko phakathi kwabantu babo. Izinhlanga zomdabu ezingama-79 zakha abantu basePhilippines futhi ngokwe-Wikipedia, amakhulu amahlanu eminyaka edlule abe nomthelela omkhulu ngokuxubana kwamasiko kubantu base-Asia nabaseNtshonalanga.
Ukubusa kwamakholoni kwabaseSpain ngo-1570-1898, kanye nalokho kwabaseMelika ngo-1903-1946, kwaholela ekwandisweni kwezindinganiso zobuKristu. kanye nobunikazi obusha kubo bonke abantu basePhilippines ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana namasiko akwamanye amazwe afana neChina, India, Indonesia kanye neMalaysia kwanikeza ukuthintana kwase-Asia kanye nokuthinta ngqo ifa lezamasiko lasePhilippines.
El idioma
EPhilippines kunezilimi ezilinganiselwa ku-175 ezikhulunywayo futhi cishe zonke zihlukaniswa njengezilimi zaseMalay-Polynesian nezinye ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili.. Kulezi zilimi kunezingu-13 okungezomdabu ezinezikhulumi ezicishe zibe yisigidi.
Kwaphela iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu ePhilippines, iSpanish kwakuwulimi olusemthethweni ngaphansi kombuso wamakoloni waseSpain. Kwakhulunywa ngabantu abangama-60%. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kweSpanishi kwaqala ukwehla ngemuva kokuthi iPhilippines ithathwe yi-United States ngawo-1900, kwathi ngo-1935 uMthethosisekelo wasePhilippines wabiza iSpanishi nesiNgisi njengezilimi ezisemthethweni. Kodwa ngo-1939 ulimi lwesiTagalog lwaba ulimi olusemthethweni ezweni lonke. Ulimi olwaqanjwa ngokuthi “isiPhilippines” lwaqanjwa ngo-1959 futhi Kusukela ngo-1973 kuze kube manje, isiPhilippines nesiNgisi yizona zilimi ezivame kakhulu kubantu bakhona.
Amasiko ePhilippines
IPhilippines izwe eliye lahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngamathonya amasiko, yize iningi lala mathonya kungumphumela wamakholoni ababenawo, ngakho-ke isiko laseSpain nelase-United States yilona elisobala kakhulu. Kepha naphezu kwawo wonke la mathonya, isiko lasendulo lase-Asia lamaPhilippines lisahlala futhi libonakala ngokusobala endleleni yabo yokuphila, izinkolelo namasiko abo.. Isiko lamaPhilippines laziwa kakhulu futhi liyathandwa ngabantu abaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngamasiko asePhilippines lawa alandelayo:
- Abantu basePhilippines bayawuthanda umculo, sebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene ukwakha umsindo nokuthanda ukumela imidanso namaqembu okucula.
- UKhisimusi ungomunye wemikhosi ethandwa kakhulu ngabantu basePhilippines. Imindeni ihlangana ngoDisemba 24 ukugubha "usuku olwandulela uKhisimusi" lwendabuko. Unyaka omusha ubungazwa nangokuqoqa wonke amalungu omndeni futhi. Kubungazwa ngezingubo ezithungiwe nezithelo etafuleni.
- AmaPhilippines angongoti kwezemidlalo, owendabuko wezwe ubizwa nge-Arnis okuwuhlobo lobuciko bokulwa. Yize futhi bejabulela ukubuka imidlalo yebhasikidi, yebhola lezinyawo noma yesibhakela.
- Umndeni ubaluleke kakhulu kubo futhi kufaka omalume, ogogo nomkhulu, abazala babo nobunye ubudlelwano bangaphandle njengonkulunkulukazi noma abangane abasondelene kakhulu. Izingane zino-godparents abanothando futhi uma abazali bengekho kuba ogogo nomkhulu abanakekela abancane. Kujwayelekile ukuthi imindeni isebenzisane ezinkampanini ezifanayo. Kunezigaba ezahlukahlukene zenhlalo.
Amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngesiko lasePhilippines
Isiko lasePhilippines selakhiwe njengomphumela wenhlanganisela yamathonya angaphandle nezinto zomdabu, njengoba ngishilo imigqa engenhla.
Yize indawo yeshashalazi yendabuko, izincwadi kanye nama-kundimans (izingoma zothando) ngolimi lwendawo kubuye kwagqama ngokufika kwenhlangano yamandla adumile kaCorazón Aquino, namuhla izivakashi zizobona imincintiswano yobuhle, ama-soap opera, amafilimu ezenzo zasePhilippines nothando namaqembu omculo wendawo akhuthazwe yi-pop yasentshonalanga .
Kuphela i-10% yabantu basePhilippines (okuthiwa amasiko amancane noma amaqembu esizwe samaPhilippines) abagcina isiko labo lendabuko. Kunemindeni yobuzwe engaba ngamashumi ayisithupha, kufaka phakathi iBadjao, imihambima yolwandle ehlala eziqhingini zaseSulú, kanye nabazingeli baseKalinga, enyakatho yeBontoc.
IPhilippines iyona kuphela izwe lobuKristu e-Asia, inkolelo ephethwe ngabantu abangaphezu kwama-90%. Iqembu lenkolo elincane kakhulu elincane kunawo wonke amaSulumane, ogama lawo liyisiqhingi saseMindanao nesiqhingi saseSulú. Kukhona nesonto elizimele lasePhilippines, amanye amaBuddha, kanye nenani elincane labakholelwa emimoyeni.
Ijografi nomlando wasePhilippines kube nomthelela ekwandeni kwezilimi ezikhona, ezibalelwa ezigidini ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili. Umqondo wolimi lukazwelonke waklanywa ngemuva kweMpi yaseSpain-American yowe-1898, kwathi ngo-1936 iTagalog yamenyezelwa njengolimi lukazwelonke, yize kwakukhona abanye ababebanga lesi sihloko, njengoCebuano, Hiligaynon no-Ilocano.
Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, ngo-1973 kwavunyelwana ukuthi isiFilipino sizoba ulimi olusemthethweni. Ulimi olususelwa kuTagalog, kepha lufaka izinto ezivela kwezinye izilimi zezwe. Naphezu kwakho konke, isiNgisi sisasetshenziswa kakhulu kwezentengiselwano nakwezepolitiki.
I-cuisine yasePhilippines ithole amathonya amaShayina, amaMalay nawaseSpain. Isinongo sisho kokubili ukudla okulula kwaphakathi naphakathi naphakathi nantambama ngenkathi i-pulutan (appetizers) iphakwa ngeziphuzo ezidakayo. Esidlweni sakusihlwa, inyama ebhakiwe noma ama-skewers ama-skewers afakwa isitayela.
Phakathi kokudla okuvame kakhulu, okuhlala kuphekwa nelayisi, kufaka phakathi inyama nemifino ephekwe ngeviniga nogalikhi, i-grouper eyosiwe, isitshulu senyama nezinhlobonhlobo zesobho: irayisi, ama-noodle, inyama yenkonyana, inkukhu, isibindi, ithambo lamadolo, ama-roast noma imifino emuncu.
Izitsha zihanjiswa ngezicucu ze-papaya eziluhlaza, inhlanzi ebilisiwe noma unamathisela ama-shrimp, kanye nezingcezu ze-crispy yengulube. I-halo-halo iyi-dessert esuselwa eqhweni elichoboziwe nge-caramel nezithelo, konke kumbozwe ubisi oluyimpuphu.