Kunamazwe amaningi ngakho-ke kunezimali eziningi. Noma namuhla amanye amazwe aseYurophu abelana nge-euro njengemali kanye ne-lira, uphawu noma i-peseta sezivele ziyingxenye yomlando, inani lezimali ezahlukahlukene liseliningi.
Futhi uhlamvu ngalunye lwemali, nalo, lunohlu lwezikweletu zamathenda ezisemthethweni nezinhlamvu zemali. Ngicabange ngakho isikhathi eside futhi ngibhala lokhu okuthunyelwe kwe- izikweletu zomhlaba Ngiye ngazibuza ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokukhetha engizoyisebenzisa, futhi nginqume izimali ezisetshenziselwa ukuhwebelana kwamazwe omhlaba: el I dollar yaseMelika, the euro, the yen futhi i iphawundi enhle kakhulu. Masazi amathikithi akho!
Izikweletu
Siyazi ukuthi amaRoma namaGreki basebenzisa izinhlamvu zemali, kodwa imali ivele nini ephepheni? Ngokusho kochwepheshe, imali ephepheni yavela eChina lasendulo ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX y eYurophu cishe ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, eSweden. Kubonakala sengathi bafika eSpain ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX.
Iqiniso ukuthi imali yamaphepha yathandwa ngokushesha ngoba kwakulula ukuyihambisa futhi ilula kakhulu, yize njengoba sazi kahle ukuthi azikaze zifake ngokuphelele izinhlamvu zemali, kepha zagcina zihlala nazo.
Imali endala kunazo zonke emhlabeni esasetshenziswa ngokomthetho yiphawundi laseBrithani Futhi iyimali yesine esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwamazwe omhlaba ngemuva kwedola laseMelika, i-euro ne-yen yaseJapan. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngephawundi lesiNgisi kuqala.
Iphawundi elihle kakhulu
Imvelaphi yayo Zibuyela emuva esikhathini sokuthathwa kwamaRoma. Eqinisweni, igama Ipondo kusuka ku-latin ipondo, isisindo. Inkosi yokuqala yaseNgilandi yamukela iphawundi laseBrithani njengemali yokuqala yezwe. Ngaleso sikhathi iphawundi yayingathenga izinkomo ezibalelwa ku-15 ngakho-ke kwakuyimali eningi.
I-Los ama-banknotes okuqala zikhishwe yiBhange LaseNgilandi futhi bezingamaphepha okubhalwe ngesandla. Ngo-1785 base bephrintiwe ngamahlelo ehlukene. Namuhla kunezigaba eziningana zamaphepha emali asakazwayo namanani amane: 5, 10, 20 no-50 amakhilogremu amahle kakhulu.
I-Los Ama-banknotes angama-5 Zenziwe ngama-polymers ngo-turquoise noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zithwala isithombe se- Churchill, IBlenheim Palace ne-Elizabeth Tower, kanye nengcaphuno yenkulumo kaNdunankulu ka-1940. Iyokuqala iphrintwe ku-polymer futhi yasakazwa ngo-2016.
I-Los Ama-banknotes angama-10 nabo bavela ama-polymers futhi ziwolintshi. Baphethe isithombe se Jane Austen (umbhali we-Pride and Prejudice), nengcaphuno evela kule noveli enomfanekiso we-protagonist yayo kanye nombono omuhle we-Godmershan Park, isithabathaba somuzi eKent. Bekade ithwala iDarwin kepha ibingasakazeki ekuqaleni konyaka odlule.
I-Los Amakhilogremu angama-20 wakhe zamaphepha futhi nsomi. Baphethe isithombe se Adam Smith (owokuqala waseScotland ozovela ebhange lesiNgisi), futhi uzofakwa esikhundleni se-polymer nge-JMW Turner ngonyaka ozayo. Ngokwakhe, Inothi elingamaphawundi angama-50 Iphinde yenziwa ngephepha, libomvu ngombala, futhi liphethe ubuhlakani bobuchwepheshe be-steam, UBoulton noJames Watt.
Kusukela ngo-1945 akubanga khona izikweletu ezingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-50.
Idola laseMelika
I-United States Congress yakha idola ngo-1792. Igama, idola lisuselwa egameni lesiSaxon thaler, uhlamvu lwemali lwesiliva lwaseYurophu olusetshenziswa kabanzi. Namuhla ingenye yezimali ezinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni, inyatheliswa njengoswidi, ayithobeli izinga ledola eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amane edlule futhi kunomzamo oqinile wamazwe afana neRussia neChina ukuyisusa esihlalweni sayo sobukhosi ukuhwebelana okuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe
Ama-banknotes ajikelezayo yi-1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 ne-100 dollars. I- izikweletu zamadola baphethe isithombe se George Washington futhi zisakazwa kabanzi. Isiko lokugqoka idola njengentelezi yenhlanhla lithandwa kakhulu. I- izikweletu ezimbili zamadola holela Thomas Jefferson futhi azikho kangako ekusakazeni kwegazi.
I-Los izikweletu ezinhlanu zamadola holela Lincoln ngakolunye uhlangothi kolunye iSikhumbuzo saseLincoln. I- izikweletu zamadola ayishumi banayo U-Alexander Hamilton kanye nalabo Amadola ka-20 a Andrew Jackson. Ngokwabo Izikweletu ezingama-50 zamadola banayo Grant ekugcineni i Izikweletu ezingama-100 zamadola holela Benjamin Franklin.
Kusukela ngo-1946, izikweletu ezingaphezu kwama-dollar ayikhulu aziphrintwanga.
I-euro
I-euro ikhona kusukela ngo-1993 lapho iSivumelwano se-European Union siqala ukusebenza sakha inyunyana yezomnotho nezezezimali ngokunembile. Amazwe akha lesi sivumelwano kufanele ahlangabezane nemibandela ethile futhi kusukela lapho amazwe amaningi ayengasisayinanga ekuqaleni ahlanganisiwe.
Ngo-1999, kwaphela izinhlelo eziningana ezimele zezimali kulawo malungu ayishumi nanye okuqala e-EU, kufaka phakathi iGerman, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy. Kodwa-ke, ukwethulwa kwe-euro kwathatha iminyaka embalwa kuze kwenziwe ama-banknotes amasha kanye nezinhlamvu zemali. A) Yebo, yaqala ukusakazwa ngo-2002 kubiza amasenti ambalwa ngaphansi kwedola laseMelika.
Amanothi e-Euro anamahlelo alandelayo: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 kanye nama-euro angama-500. Ngokungafani nezimali ze-EU ube nomklamo oyingqayizivele futhi zinyatheliswa ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene. zenziwe nge ukotini omsulwa futhi zinemibala ehlukahlukene nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezenza kube nzima ukuzenza mbumbulu. Ngenkathi izinhlamvu zemali zinohlangothi lukazwelonke, imvelaphi yamaphepha emali akhonjwa ngohlamvu lokuqala lwenombolo ye-serial.
El ama-euro amahlanu incane kunazo zonke, ingabe Okumpunga futhi inomdwebo we- izakhiwo zakudala. I Isikweletu esingu-10 sama-euro inkudlwana, iyona obomvu futhi umdwebo ungoka izakhiwo zobu romanesque. Eyodwa ye- I-20 euro kukhulu namanje, kunemibala azul, nangokudweba kwe- Ukwakhiwa kweGothic.
El Isikweletu esingu-50 sama-euro ulinganisa u-140mm ngo-77mm, unemibala i-orange nobuciko bokwakhiwa lapha Ukuvuselelwa kabusha. I Isikweletu esingu-100 sama-euro kukhulu, kwe umbala oluhlaza nangomdwebo we izakhiwo ze-baroque ne-rococo. Ekugcineni, lokho kwe I-200 euro kukhulu kakhulu, 153 ngu-82 mm, ophuzi futhi ngomklamo onamuhla futhi enye I-500 euro Izinyathelo eziyi-160 ngo-82 mm, kunjalo violet futhi umdwebo ungoka izakhiwo zanamuhla.
Ngaphandle kwemidwebo yezitayela ezahlukahlukene zokwakha, kunemidwebo ebhekisa ezindaweni ezingaphandle kakhulu kwe-EU njengeGuadeloupe, Azores noma iCanary Islands, ngokwesibonelo.
I-yen yaseJapan
Umsuka wayo ubuyela esikhathini sesimanje seJapane ngenkathi yeMeiji, kulandela isibonelo saseYurophu. Ngakho-ke izwe lashiya imali yangenkathi ephakathi, i hansatsu, ninan 1871 yamukela i-yen. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva ama-banknotes avela, njengamanje enamahlelo amathathu kusukela eJapane izwe lapho izinhlamvu zemali zisatshalaliswa kabanzi futhi zithandwa kakhulu.
El Ibhili eyi-1000 yen Inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi inomfanekiso kaHideo Noguchi, Mount Fuji, Lake Lake Mototsu, kanye nezimbali ze-cherry. I- Ibhili eyi-5000 yen Inkulu kancane, inombala onsomi futhi inesithombe se-Ichiyo Higuchi nomdwebo wakudala; kanye ne- Ibhili eyi-10.000 yen Unsundu, ulinganisa u-160 ngu-76 mm, futhi unomfanekiso kaFukuzawa Yukichi ne-Buddhist phoenix.
Uhulumeni waseJapan ungenelela kakhulu enanini lemali yakhe okujwayele ukunqunywa ukuhweba kwangaphandle nokunikezwa nokufunwa. Njengamanje, kwanele ukuthatha izibalo ezimbili ukukuletha kudola. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi umphakathi waseJapan uphathwa kakhulu ngemali, kepha mina, osehambe iminyaka emithathu edlule, kufanele ngithi kulezi zinsuku amakhadi esikweletu nawasebhange amukelekile kakhulu ukukhokhela yonke into.