I-Los vikings Bangama-protagonists omlando waseYurophu, futhi isikhashana manje sebesemfashini futhi ngochungechunge oluhle lwe-TV, Ama-Vikings. Lokhu kudonse amehlo amazwe aseNordic namasiko awo yingakho namuhla sizovakashela i- IViking Ship Museum.
Lesi sigcinamagugu ise-Oslo, eNorway, futhi iyingxenye yeMnyuziyamu Yomlando Wamasiko enyuvesi yendawo. Ukuyivakashela kufanele uma kungokwakho amaViking nokunqoba kwabo ngoba imikhumbi yasekuqaleni eyakhiwe iyigugu leqiniso.
AmaViking
Ama-Vikings ayi Abantu baseNordic abaduma kakhulu eYurophu ngekhulu le-XNUMXth kusukela ekuphangeni kwabo. Izigodlo zezindela zaziyizisulu zazo ezizithandayo futhi ukuhamba kwazo kwashiya uphawu njengoba ukuhlaselwa kwazo kwakunegazi futhi kunodlame, ngisho nangesikhathi. Ngaleso sikhathi, amandla aphakathi nendawo futhi amakhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu ayengakaqedi ukuhlanganisa, ngakho-ke kwakukhona isimo esiyingozi nokuntuleka kokuvikelwa.
Kepha ngale kwalezi zinsangu zasendle kufanele kukhunjulwe lokho Bangabantu abaphezulu babantu baseNorman, kwazise iningi labo lagcina selizinze eNormandy, eFrance. Futhi sesivele sazi ukuthi amaNorman ahambe ibanga elingakanani eYurophu.
AmaViking babhala ngama-runes, kuze kube manje kunzima ukuyiqonda, ngakho-ke izinsalela zemivubukulo kanye nesiko lomlomo ezivumele ukulandelwa komlando wayo. Njengoba babehlala endaweni yezwe engenabungani, badudulelwa olwandle, ngakho-ke benza amanzi baba yinto yabo nezindlela zokuxhumana abazithandayo. Ngakho-ke, babengamatilosi amakhulu futhi kucatshangwa nokuthi baba ngabokuqala ukufika eMelika.
Isikhathi seViking siphela cishe ngekhulu le-XNUMX lapho ubuKrestu buhlala buhlala esifundeni esisenyakatho kanye nenqubo ye ukwengeza. Ngokusobala, akukho okufayo futhi konke kuguqulwa ngakho-ke, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, baphelela kubantu baseNorman abanamandla, abavela eFrance, befika e-Italy, eJerusalema naseKiev, eRussia.
IViking Ship Museum
Lesi sigcinamagugu unamagugu amathathu: ezintathu imikhumbi yangempela yama-viking esake sawela ulwandle. Owokuqala wabo futhi owaziwa kakhulu yi- Umkhumbi we-Oseberg. Lesi sikebhe seViking sivela ethuneni elitholwe epulazini elinegama elifanayo, eVestfold County. Ithuna laliphinde libe namathambo abesifazane ababili kanye nezitsha eziningi.
Umkhumbi isukela ku-834 AD kepha izingxenye zayo zindadlana. Isiduli sokungcwaba savulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX.
Umkhumbi konke kuyi-oki. Ngabe Amamitha angu-21 ubude namamitha angu-58 ububanzi ngensika ephakathi kwamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye neshumi ukuphakama ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi. Inamapheya emigodi angaba yishumi nanhlanu ngakho kucatshangwa ukuthi bekukhona eminye Abagwedli abangama-30. Inehange lensimbi, ngemuva nangomnsalo kuhlotshiswe ngemidwebo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi umkhumbi ibingafinyelela amafindo ayishumi wejubane.
Singacabanga ukuthi ngoba lo mkhumbi utholakale ngaphakathi ethuneni awukaze ulubone ulwandle, kepha akunjalo. Yonke imikhumbi yamaViking emnyuziyamu empeleni yahamba ngomkhumbi ngaphambi kokulethwa ogwini futhi kwenziwe iminikelo yokungcwaba. Inqubo yokumbiwa nokubuyiselwa kwale nave ethile yathatha iminyaka engama-21 isiyonke. Isikebhe bekufanele sikhishwe futhi somiswe kahle, kepha kancane kakhulu, ngaphambi kokuba sikwazi ukusijoyina futhi silungise izingxenye zaso ngokhuni loqobo, 90%.
Ukunakwa okufanayo nakho kwadonswa kweminye imikhumbi emibili yamaViking egcinwa umnyuziyamu: the Umkhumbi we-Gokstad kanye ne-Tunas Ship. IGokstad yatholakala ethuneni lasebukhosini elalisepulazini elingenamagama kumasipala waseSandefjord, ekwindla lowe-1879, yintsha ezimbili. Ukumbiwa kwemivubukulo kwaqala ngo-1880 futhi ngokushesha kwacaca ukuthi isiza sibalulekile.
Emcimbini womkhumbi kwakukhona udonga olungamamitha amahlanu ukuphakama nobubanzi bamamitha angama-45 ngakho indunduma yayinkulu. Ubumba olumboze umkhumbi lwaboleka amatafula amabili angenhla nomnsalo nangemuva kokunye kodwa kulondolozwe kahle kakhulu ngenxa yenqubo eyalandela yokubuyiselwa lapho laqedwa khona futhi lahlanganiswa kabusha.
Omunye umkhumbi weViking emnyuziyamu ubizwa kanjalo Isikebhe se-tuna, okufanele kube ngumkhumbi osheshayo owawuthutha abantu usuka kolunye uhlangothi uya kolunye. Kwatholakala ngo-1867 epulazini laseNedre Haugen, esiqhingini saseRolvsoy, ngaseFredrikstad nase kwakuwumkhumbi wokuqala wamaViking ukutholakala nokulondolozwa. Leli thuna lalilikhulu futhi, cishe lingamamitha angama-80 ububanzi namamitha amane ukuphakama, elinye lamakhulu amakhulu eNorway.
Ukumba kwenziwa lapho imivubukulo yanamuhla yayingakakhi izindlela eziningi, ngakho-ke uma sekutholakele umkhumbi wasuswa ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho umuntu owayengaphakathi kwakhe wangcwatshwa futhi ezinye izinto zakhe zalimala noma zalahleka. Kuyinto encane kunayo yonke imikhumbi yamaViking emnyuziyamu kodwa kubhekwa njengelide kakhulu, cishe cishe ngamamitha ayi-19.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi yakhiwa cishe ngonyaka we-910, e-oki, nokuthi kwakunabagwedli abangu-12 ohlangothini ngalunye. Cishe ibishesha, inhle kakhulu ezilwandle ezinolaka, yize ingenamandla amakhulu okuthwala. Yingakho kucatshangwa ukuthi bekungasetshenziswa ukuphatha izinto ezibalulekile ezifana nengilazi, izigqila noma izinto ezingasindanga kakhulu.
Ukuvakashela le mikhumbi emithathu kuhambisana ne ubuningi bezinto ezivela emathuneni amathathu akhonjisiwe, futhi lokho kuvula amehlo ethu kokwedlule kweViking. Ukusuka ezintweni zansuku zonke kuya ezikhalini noma izitsha zenkolo.
Futhi, kathathu ngehora umnyuziyamu unikeza uhambo oluya eViking Age ngefilimu ebizwa ngeVikings Alive, ekhonjiswe ophahleni lomnyuziyamu. IVikigns Alive iqukethe ifilimu enkulu yemizuzu emihlanu namafilimu amadokhumentari amabili. Ekugcineni, umnyuziyamu uphinde usinikeze i- Isitolo sezipho lapho ongathenga khona izinto eziyizikhumbuzo, izincwadi nokunye okuningi. Futhi ngaphandle kukhona indawo yokudlela eyindawo enhle yezinkulumo ngesipiliyoni seViking ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka sasehlobo.
Imininingwane ewusizo yokuvakashela iViking Ship Museum
- Azikho izinkambo eziqondisiwe ezihlelwe umnyuziyamu kepha yebo ngabantu besithathu. Ungalanda futhi nesicelo samahhala somhlahlandlela womsindo kuselula yakho, emnyuziyamu, ngoba kuneWiFi, noma ekhaya lakho ngokuvakashela iwebhusayithi.
- Umnyuziyamu unezitezi ezimbili futhi indawo yombukiso ilungele isihlalo esinamasondo, ngaphandle kwamabhalkhoni aphezulu. Umnyango omkhulu nawo uyatholakala, yize umnyango usinda. Iminyango eseceleni ingeyabasebenzi kuphela. Ngaphakathi kukhona ilift wheelchair namathoyilethi akhethekile.
- Umnyuziyamu Kuvulwa nsuku zonke. Kusukela ngoMeyi 1 kuya kuSepthemba 30 ikwenza phakathi kuka-9 ekuseni no-6 ntambama; futhi kusukela ngo-Okthoba 1 kuya ku-Ephreli 30 kusukela ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-4 ntambama. Kuvaliwe ngoJanuwari 1, Februwari 6 no-13.
- Umnyuziyamu ukhokhisa imali yokungena ye- I-NOK 100 ngomuntu omdala ngamunye ne-NOK 80 ngaphezulu kwama-65s. La mathikithi abiza 2 x 1, okungukuthi, zikuvumela ukuthi ungene eminyuziyamu emibili, enye ye- Umkhumbi weViking futhi i umlando Museum, amahora angu-48. Azithengiswa ku-inthanethi.
- Umnyuziyamu useHuk Aveny 35, 0287 Oslo.