I-Merida inhloko-dolobha ye-Extremadura futhi itholakala kumakhilomitha angama-61 ukusuka e-Badajoz. Indawo yakhona iyisicaba, izintaba ezimbalwa, futhi ijabulela isimo sezulu saseMedithera esinobusika obupholile kanye nehlobo elishisa kakhulu elingenayo imvula.
I-Merida, ngale kokuthi umuntu angayichaza kanjani, idolobha elinomlando kusukela lapho Yasungulwa amaRoma ngo-25 BC. futhi kusukela lapho iqongelela umlando namagugu amasiko nezakhiwo. Ingabe uzovakashela? Nakhu kwenzakalani yini ongayibona eMerida ngosuku olulodwa.
Merida
Njengoba sishilo, idolobha Yasungulwa ngonyaka wama-25 BC, ngaphansi kwegama likaColonia Iulia Augusta Emerita nangesikhathi u-Octavio Augusto ebusa. Kwakungu Inhloko-dolobha yesifundazwe saseRoma iLusitania futhi yayiyinhle kakhulu, inezakhiwo zomphakathi ezikhazimulayo, okwathi wayazi ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu lombuso kuze kube ukuwa kwawo kokugcina.
Ngonyaka wama-412 inkosi yakwa-Alano u-Atax, ama-Alano ayeyiqembu lendabuko yase-Iranian, imizulane ethanda impi, yanqoba iMérida futhi yayenza isihlalo sombuso wayo iminyaka eyisithupha, iqala inkathi yokuba khona kwabantu abangathuthukile kangako kunamaRoma. AmaVisigoth, amaJalimane, amaSwabians... Bese-ke, Ngonyaka ka-713 induna yempi yama-Arab uMusa ibn Nusair yahlasela idolobha futhi yaqala ukubusa kwamaSulumane okwakuzohlala amakhulu eminyaka.
U-Alfonso IX waseLeón namabutho akhe babezolinqoba kabusha idolobha kanye nendawo ngo-1230.
Yini ongayibona eMerida ngosuku olulodwa
Sithe umlando we-Mérida uyamangalisa, ngakho emahoreni angama-24 eMérida uhambo lwakho kufanele luqale ngoyebo noma yebo ifa lamaRoma: Ithiyetha yaseRoma, i-Amphitheatre, imisele yamanzi, ibhuloho, i-Arch of Trajan kanye neNdlu enhle yaseMithraeum, i-Roman Circus, iThempeli lika-Diana...
El Inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yamaRoma Yakhiwa ngenxa yokusekelwa kuka-Agripha, umalokazana ka-Augustus, phakathi kweminyaka ye-16 ne-15 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu, lapho ikoloni elivamile liba inhloko-dolobha yaseLusitania. Yayakhiwe ingxenye yegquma, ukuze kwehliswe izindleko zamatshe, kanti enye yakhiwe ngokhonkolo. Idolobha elinazo zonke izinhlamvu alikwazanga ukuba nenkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini.
Lona wawumkhulu, uhlukaniswe waba izingxenye ezintathu, uhlukaniswe amaphasishi nemigoqo, okufinyeleleka kuyo ngezitebhisi. Ukumba kwaqala lapha ngo-1910 futhi into yokuqala eyavela yingxenye engezansi, futhi kamuva, amakamelo, amaphasishi, izitendi, ama-mosaics aqala ukungezwa ... Amahora ayo alandelayo: phakathi kuka-Okthoba no-March kuvulwa nsuku zonke. kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-6:30 ntambama. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba ikwenza nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-9 ebusuku. Ukungena kubiza ama-euro ayi-12 futhi ukhokha 15 uma uthenga isamba sokungena endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi yamatshe esikhumbuzo.
Eqhubeka nohlu lwe yini ongayibona eMerida ngosuku olulodwa kukhona i I-amphitheatre yaseRoma, elakhiwe ngonyaka VIII BC kanye nendawo yemicimbi edume kakhulu njengeyakudala ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-gladiators, Ngokwesibonelo. Iseduze kwetiyetha futhi umgwaqo ubahlukanisa. Ivula kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-March nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-65: 30 pm, kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-September kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-9 pm futhi okufanayo nokungena, i-12 noma i-euro engu-15.
El imisele yaseLos Milagros kwakuyingxenye yesimiso esaletha amanzi edamini iProserpina. Yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Los Milagros, ngoba iqiniso liwukuthi yayigcinwe kahle kakhulu amakhulu eminyaka, futhi lokho. ingaphezu kwamamitha angamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili futhi lakhiwe ngezitini. Kuyinto emangalisayo futhi kukholakala ukuthi yakhiwe ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho ikoloni yasungulwa.
El Isekisi laseRoma kusukela Merida kuyinto elinye lamasekisi agcinwe kahle kakhulu oMbuso WaseRoma futhi kuyamangaza ngempela: 403 amamitha ubude futhi cishe 97 ububanzi, ngomthamo obekungenzeka, kubalwa, ukuba uhlalise abathile Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-30. Yakhiwa ngaphansi kobukhosi bukaJulio Claudio futhi yenzeka izinguquko eziningana nokubuyiselwa.
I-Circus yayakhiwe ngaphandle kwezindonga zedolobha, eduze komzila ohlanganisa iToledo neCórdoba, isebenzisa umgodi ophansi wegquma laseSan Albín. Le sayithi ivula ngezinsuku nezikhathi ezifanayo njengesikhumbuzo sangaphambilini saseRoma futhi indawo yokungena ibiza ama-euro ayi-6.
El ithempeli likaDiana yayakhiwe esigcawini esikhulu, esithe ukuphakama, njengoba yayiyingxenye yehlelo lombuso. Iyithempeli elingunxande, elinegwadle namakholomu kanye nezitebhisi ezingatholakala kulokho okusele kwesakhiwo. Kukholakala ukuthi yakhiwa ngaphansi kokubusa kuka-Augustus. Futhi ekugcineni, the Ibhuloho lamaRoma okwakuthiwa ngezinsuku zakhe ibhuloho elide kunawo wonke ngalezo zikhathi. Bekubalulekile ngenxa yokubaluleka kwedolobha futhi liwukhonkolo negwadle, elinamasongo ayisithupha ayindilinga, cishe amamitha angu-800 ubude namamitha angu-12 ukuphakama.
El inqolobane ye-trajan Ayilona ikhothamo lokunqoba, okungukuthi, alinikelwe empini futhi hhayi kumbusi, limane liyikhothamo lokungena endaweni engcwele eyayizungeza ithempeli lokukhulekela kombuso ngesikhathi salo. I-arc iyindilinga ngamamitha angu-15 ukuphakama, futhi le esiyibonayo yayiphakathi nendawo yamakhothamo amathathu aklebhulwe ngamatshe egwadule nomlotha.
Futhi ukuqedela ukuvakasha kwefa laseRoma laseMérida ungavakashela I-House of Mithraeum, indawo yokuhlala eyakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lokuqala nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX AD ngaphandle kwezindonga zomuzi. Kusukela emihlobiso kuyaziwa ukuthi abanikazi bayo kwakunguHellenes namalungu abalulekile omphakathi wendawo. Indlu inamavulandi amathathu, amagumbi amaningana, ichibi nezindonga ezihlotshiswe ngemidwebo. Kukhona ngisho ne-mosaic enhle ye-Cosmos, enemibala eminingi.
Lapho uMbuso WaseRoma uwa, idolobha liqala ezinye izigaba kanye namafa akhona nawo akhona. Ungakwazi ukwazi I-Alcazaba, inqaba enhle yenkathi yamaSulumane kusukela ngo-835 AD Es endala kunawo wonke enhlonhlweni futhi wayenemvelo eminingi. Yisakhiwo esimangalisayo, ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Futhi-ke, kunoma yiluphi uhlu lwe yini ongayibona eMerida ngosuku olulodwa akukho ukushoda kwamasonto, ikakhulukazi uma kuwuhambo lokudlula ezikhathini zasendulo nezanamuhla zedolobha: Isibhedlela sikaJesu Nazarenonamuhla ihostela I-Basilica yaseSanta Eulalia naseHornito kanye neCathhedral yaseSanta María, isibonelo, nakuba kukhona futhi i-convent endala yase-Santa Clara, i-Hermitage yaseLa Antigua noma i-Mendoza Palace, isibonelo.
Futhi ukuqedela umlando we-Mérida ngefa layo lezakhiwo, noma kalula yini ongayibona eMerida ngosuku olulodwa, ungabona Ibhuloho laseLusitana noma uhambe nge-Plaza de España, bona i-Plaza de Toros noma i-Círculo Emiritense.
Uma uthanda indaba endala kuphela, njengami, Ungangeza ukuvakasha endaweni yaseRoma enemnyuziyamu. Ngincoma i UMnyuziyamu Kazwelonke Wezobuciko BaseRoma futhi i Iqoqo le-Visigoth. Eyokuqala isebenza esakhiweni esihle esisikhumbuza izikhathi zamaRoma futhi ngaphakathi ungabona elinye lamaqoqo angcono kakhulu ezithombe eziqoshiwe nama-mosaic. Ukungena kubiza ama-euro angu-3 kuphela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Visigoth Collection itholakala eSontweni elidala laseSanta Clara, isakhiwo esihle se-baroque kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX. Kunezithombe eziqoshiwe ezivela kulo lonke elase nhlonhlo futhi zivela emaqoqweni abalulekile ayimfihlo: kukhona ama-altare, izindawo zokuhlala, ifenisha eyengeziwe yenkonzo, izinsalela zamathempeli, izihloko, amafreyimu, njll. Kukhona futhi ikhabethe lengilazi kanye nezitsha zansuku zonke kanye nemikhuba yomngcwabo kusukela esikhathini samaVisigothic. Kumahhala ukuvakashela.
Ukuqeda ngiyakutshela lokho kukhona izinkambo eziqondisiwe ezingakwandisa isikhathi sakho. Isibonelo, i- uhambo oluqondisiwe lwe-Roman Theatre kanye ne-Amphitheatre Ithatha ihora elilodwa futhi imahhala. Kukhona imini nobusuku futhi kubiza phakathi kwama-euro ayi-17 no-20. Ngithemba ukuthi uzobhala phansi lolu lwazi ukuze ungashiyi izinto ezibalulekile ekuvakasheleni kwakho okulandelayo eMérida.