Suchitoto, indawo yenkcubeko e-El Salvador

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isixeko sase ISuchitoto kuye kwaba indawo yabakhenkethi yodidi lokuqala kokubini ngexabiso layo lenkcubeko kunye nobuhle obufumaneka ezitalatweni zayo.

Ngokumalunga neyokuqala, inembali ende esukela emva amaxesha pre-columbian. Kwaye, malunga nesesibini, hambahamba kwizitrato zayo ezineentambo uyibona izindlu zesimbo sobukoloniyali kunye nezinye izikhumbuzo luyolo lokwenene. Okulandelayo, siza kukubonisa yonke into oyibonayo nokwenzayo e Suchitoto, ekwisebe le Cuscatlan, omnye kwabalishumi elinesine abenzayo El Salvado , embindini welizwe.

Imbali ka Suchitoto

Njengoko sanixelelayo, lo mzi El Salvado Yenye yezona zindala kwi EMntla Merika. Yayisele inabemi xa inginginya ze UDiego alvarado, owaphinda wayisungula ngegama elithi San Salvador ngokomyalelo werhuluneli UDon Jorge de Alvarado. Unyaka wawungowe-1528 kwaye kude kube ngoko, yayiyenye yamaziko oluntu Uhlanga lwamaNahua.

Nangona kunjalo, sele ngo-1539, iziganeko ezahlukahlukeneyo zabangela ukuba abantu baqalise ukufudukela kwintlambo yaseHamacas, apho idolophu yangoku ikhona. San Salvador. Nangona kunjalo, i-Suchitoto yagcina inxalenye yabemi bayo kwaye, sele ikwinkulungwane ye-17, yafumana ixesha lokukhula ngenxa yokukhula ukwenziwa kwe-indigo.

Ngowe-1858, ngexesha likaGerardo Barrios owayengumongameli. ifumene iwonga lesixeko. Kodwa kwiminyaka emithathu kamva yayeka ukuba likomkhulu leSebe laseCuscatlán ukuze kuxhamle abantu Cojutepeque. Sele kwinkulungwane yama-20 siyifumana iguqulwe yaba liziko elibalulekileyo lezolimo nemfuyo. Noko ke, imfazwe yamakhaya eyadlakaza eli lizwe ngeminyaka yee-1980 yabangela ukufuduka kwabantu abaninzi.

Emva kokuphela kongquzulwano, abaninzi babuyela Yakha isixeko kwakhona, etshatyalaliswe ziibhombu. Ukususela ngoko, kuye kwaba njalo elinye lamaziko okhenketho kweli lizwe. Umsebenzi wenkcubeko yomlawuli wefilimu wawunento eninzi yokwenza ngolu phuhliso. Alejandro Cotto, inzalelwane yasedolophini eyaziwa ngokuba "ngunyana ka Suchitoto." Nguye owadalayo UMnyhadala osisigxina woBugcisa neNkcubeko, ebibhiyozelwa apho ukusukela ngo-1991 kwanobhala umhobe wayo osemthethweni.

ilifa lenkcubeko yesixeko

Sele sibukhankanye ubuhle kunye nesithethe sezitalato ezinamatye zase Suchitoto, nazo izindlu zesimbo sobukoloniyali. Ezi ziya kukuhambisa kwixesha elidlulileyo kunye neengcango zazo, iibhalkhoni ezintle kunye nophahla olwakhiwe ngomhlaba. Kuko konke oku zongezelelwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje iihotele, iivenkile zokutyela kunye neekhefi iindawo ezintle ezinegalelo kuhambo lwamaxesha obukoloniyali olubandakanya ukutyelela i-Suchitoto. Kodwa isixeko sikwanjalo amatye ezikhumbuzo amahle kunye neemyuziyamkunye ne indawo yendalo enelungelo. Masiyazi yonke le nto.

Icawa yaseSaint Lucia

Uya kuyifumana phambi kwe Ipaki esembindini, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Plaza Mayor, apho, ngendlela, imarike yemveli ephilayo ibanjwe. Yakhiwa ngo-1853 kwiintsalela zetempile endala eyanyamalala emlilweni. Ngaba omnye wemizekelo ephunyeziweyo ye-neoclassicism e-El Salvador.

Umzekelo omhle woku yifacade yayo. Ineenqaba ezimbini ezisecaleni kunye nezilinganayo phakathi apho i-pediment engunxantathu idlulela, iphinde ithweswe yenye inqaba encinci kwaye embindini wayo kukho iwotshi. Ngokukwanjalo, indawo engezantsi ineekholamu ezintandathu ze-Ionic ezinikezela ngeendlela ezintathu ze-semicircular arches, esembindini inkulu. Ekugqibeleni, iidomes zihlotshiswe ngamacwecwe e-porcelain. Ukususela ngo-1978, icawa yaseSanta Lucía i Isikhumbuzo seLizwe.

Isixeko esidala

Sele sikuxelele ngesixeko samandulo saseSan Salvador. Uya kufumana iintsalela zakhe malunga neekhilomitha ezilishumi elinambini ukusuka kwidolophu yangoku. Ngokukodwa ngakumbi, bakwindawo ye ifama yaseBermuda. Ukwakheka kwezitrato kusabonakala, isikwere esikhulu, iCabildo, iCawa kaBathathu Emnye kwanodonga olunezibonda.

Kuzo zonke ezi zakhiwo kuyajongwa impembelelo yoyilo lwendalo (kungekhona ilize, amaNahuas ahlala kuyo ngamanani amakhulu) kwaye indawo ihlelwa njenge Indawo yezeMbali yeSizwe kwi-1975.

Kwelinye icala, unokubona nakwiindawo ezingqongileyo iColima hacienda. Kule meko, i-sugar mill ukususela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 nayo yavelisa ikotoni, iinkuni kunye ne-indigo. Njengoko usazi, le yokugqibela yidayi eluhlaza eyenziwe ngobuninzi kule ndawo. Nje kwenye ifama, ebizwa Ukuzalwa, unokubona yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa, kunye nokutyelela kwimbali yayo. Ngale ndlela, sicebisa ukuba nawe undwendwele iworkshop yeeNtaka zeentyatyambo, apho abafazi abalishumi benza iziqwenga ezimangalisayo zobugcisa kunye neendwangu ze-indigo, ukusuka kwiihempe ukuya kwiingxowa. Kwaye oku kusikhokelela ekubeni sithethe nawe malunga neemyuziyam zase Suchitoto.

Iimyuziyam zase Suchitoto

Nangona isisixeko esincinci, esinabemi abamalunga namashumi amabini anesihlanu amawaka, u-Suchitoto unenani elifanelekileyo leemyuziyam ezinomdla. Phakathi kwabo, kugqame onemali, eyavulwa ngo-2011. Njengoko igama layo libonisa, inengqokelela ebalulekileyo yeengqekembe kunye namanqaku ebhanki avela kuwo onke amaxesha. Phakathi kweyokuqala, kufanelekile ukukhankanya a itetradrachm IMacedonian yabhalwa ngenkulungwane yesi-4 BC. Kodwa ikwagcina izinto zonqulo nezembali kumagumbi ayo.

Kwakhona kunomdla indlu kamakhulu, eyakhiwe kwi-2008, ebonisa ubugcisa kunye neziqwenga zobugcisa. Apho unokuthenga izinto ezikhumbuzayo eziqhelekileyo esixekweni.

Kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele Alejandro Cotto Indlu yeSikhumbuzo. Sele sikuxelele ngokubaluleka komenzi wefilimu kwesi sixeko kwaye ikhaya lakhe langaphambili liguqulwe laba yimyuziyam. Apho uya kufunda ngakumbi ngobomi kunye nomsebenzi wakhe, kodwa uya kubona nomboniso we iziqwenga zexabiso elikhulu lenkcubeko nembali, abanye baneminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amane ubudala. Konke oku ngaphandle kokukhankanya ubuhle bendlu, enamagumbi amahle kunye negadi kunye nemibono ekhangayo.

Ngokufanayo, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele i Iziko lobuGcisa loXolo. Njengoko igama layo libonisa, yindawo yokubonisa kunye nolwazi lwenkumbulo yemfazwe kamasipala. Kodwa ikwahlala iziqwenga zobugcisa ezenziwe ngabantu abasemngciphekweni wokukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwentlalontle abasindiswayo ngulo msebenzi.

Gqi beleni, i Lucía Cañas iziko ibonisa imisebenzi yomzobi kunye nembongi yeli gama. Ngokunjalo, uya kubona imizobo yabantu abadumileyo benkulungwane ye-19 neye-20 ababenegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwe- Suchitoto.

Ubume be Suchitoto

Sele sikuxelele ukuba le dolophu intle yaseSalvador nayo inakho indawo yendalo enelungelo. Kwezi zikhankanyiweyo Colima hacienda Kukho indawo yokubukela iintaka, kunye neendawo ezintle zomhlaba. Enye indawo yokunandipha indalo Induli yaseGuazapa, apho uya kunandipha umoya ococekileyo kunye nohlaza oluluhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, mhlawumbi ezona ndawo zimbini zintle kulo masipala waseSalvador yiLake Suchitlán kunye nengxangxasi yaseTercios. Masikhe sibazi.

Ichibi laseSuchitlán

Nangona igama layo, lichibi elenziweyo elenziwe ngo-1976, xa i Isityalo sombane saseCerrón Grande. Kodwa oku akuthinteli ekubeni ibe yindawo ye ubuhle obuchukumisayo kunye nexabiso lendalo. Ukuyazi ngcono, unokuthatha uhambo lwephenyane olukusa kwezona ziqithi zintle ihlala kuzo. Phakathi kwabo, abo baka-El Chaparral, iiNyoni, iiLovers okanye iHermit. Balishiya izibuko labakhenkethi San Juan, apho uya kufumana iindawo zokutyela ezininzi.

Ungonwabela imidlalo efana nekayaking okanye ukuloba emanzini ayo. Ayilolize, lichibi elikhulu kangangokuba iibhanki zalo zifikelela kumasebe amathathu: ICuscatlán, iChalatenango kunye neCabañas. Njenge-anecdote, siya kukuxelela ukuba igama lechibi laqatshelwa ngu Alejandro Cotto, owathatha iileta zokuqala ezivela kwa-Suchitoto kwaye, ngokuchanekileyo, ezokugqibela ezivela eCuscatlán ukuyidala.

Ingxangxasi yaseTercios

Sigqibezela ukhenketho lwethu lokukubona e-Suchitoto ngokukuxelela ngengxangxasi ebukekayo yaseTercios. Uya kuyifumana malunga nekhilomitha enye ukusuka edolophini, kwi Las Animas umsinga. Yikwindla yamanzi ekwiimitha ezilishumi ekwakunika yona iimbono emangalisayo Lake Suchitlán.

Ukufika kuyo kuya kufuneka uhambe phezu kwamatye, kodwa, ngokuchanekileyo, i ukwakheka kwamatye anqabileyo Yenye yezinto ezinomtsalane kule ndawo. Enyanisweni, kukho iintsomi ezininzi malunga nokusekwa kwayo. Enye yezona zidumileyo ithi ibhinqa eliselula lentsapho etyebileyo lathandana nendoda yomthonyama. Oku kwakhokelela kwingxabano nesiqalekiso apho yonke intsapho yakulo ntombazana yayiza kufa. Xa oku kusenzeka, amalaphu entente yakhe ajika aba ngamatye, nto leyo eyabangela ukubunjwa kweTercios.

Ukuqukumbela, sikubonise yonke into oyibonayo kunye nokwenza kuyo ISuchitoto, i indawo enkulu yenkcubeko El Salvador. Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe elikuMbindi Merika linezinye izinto ezinomtsalane. Ukushiya ecaleni kwabo iilwandle ezintle, sikucebisa ukuba, ukuba unexesha, nawe uyazi Santa Ana, necathedral yayo entle nentaba-mlilo enegama elifanayo; yena Indawo ye-archaeological ye-Mayan yaseTazumal, yabhalwa malunga nenkulungwane ye-2 emva koKristu kwaye ibekwe kumasipala we ICalchuapa kwaye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ikomkhulu lelizwe ngokwalo, San Salvador, kunye nezikhumbuzo ezifana neNdlu yeSizwe, iNdlu yeeZikolo okanye icawa yaseRosario. Yiza ukwazi esi sizwe sihle saseMelika.